Cho 13,44 lít hỗn hợp khí gồm Etilen và Axtilen tác dụng hết với dung dịch Brom 1M thấy lượng Brom phản ứng hết 800ml. a) viết phương trình phản ứng b) tính thể tích không khí (đktc) cần để đốt cháy hoàn toàn hỗn hợp A. Biết Oxi chiếm 20% thế tích không khí
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a) \(n_{Br_2\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{6,4}{160}=0,04\left(mol\right);n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
0,04<--0,04
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,6}.100\%=6,67\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-6,67\%=93,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{CH_4}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,56----------->0,56
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,04----------->0,08
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=\left(0,08+0,56\right).22,4=14,336\left(l\right)\)
Bài 3
a) C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b) \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{160}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol C2H4, C2H2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\) (1)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
a---->a
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b---->2b
=> a + 2b = 0,035 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,015 (mol); b = 0,01 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,015}{0,025}.100\%=60\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,025}.100\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 4:
a)
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
b)
Gọi số mol CH4, H2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\) (1)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a-------------------->a--->2a
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
b--------------->b
=> \(2a+b=\dfrac{16,2}{18}=0,9\) (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,4 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}.100\%=80\%\\\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
VCO2 = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_2H_4:x\left(mol\right)\\C_2H_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ x + y = \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(1\right)\)
\(C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ C_2H_2 + 2Br_2 \to C_2H_2Br_4\)
Theo PTHH :
x + 2y = \(\dfrac{64}{160} = 0,4(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: x = 0,2 ; y = 0,1
Vậy :
\(\%V_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\% = 66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2} = 100\% - 66,67\% = 33,33\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{C_2H_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0.3\\2a+b=0.4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.1\\b=0.2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.3}\cdot100\%=33.33\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=66.67\%\)
nhh = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
nBr2 = 64/160 = 0.4 (mol)
nC2H4 = a (mol) . nC2H2 = b (mol)
C2H2 + 2Br2 => C2H2Br4
C2H4 + Br2 => C2H4Br2
=> a + b = 0.3
a + 2b = 0.4
=> a =0.2 , b = 0.1
%VC2H4 = 0.2/0.3 * 100% = 66.67%
%VC2H2 = 33.33%
a, vì CH4 là hidrocacbon no => không xảy ra phản ứng với Brom
pt: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2
1 1 1
nBr2 = m/M = 6,4/160 = 0,04 mol => nC2H4 = 0,04 mol
=> VC2H4 = n x 22,4 = 0,04 x 22,4 = 0,896 lit
=> VCH4 = Vhh - VC2H4 = 6,72 - 0,896 = 5,824 lit
b, C%VC2H4 = VC2H4/Vhh = 0,896/6,72 X 100 = 13,33%
=> C%VCH4 = Vhh - VC2H4 = 100% - 13,33% = 86,67%
1. \(n_{Br_2}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{Br_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_4}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
2. \(n_{C_2H_4Br_2}=\dfrac{9,4}{188}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{C_2H_4Br_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,05.22,4}{1,4}.100\%=80\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}=100-80=20\%\)
a) C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b) Gọi số mol C2H4, C2H2 là a, b (mol)
=> a + b = \(\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> a + 2b = 0,1 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,05 (mol); b = 0,025 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,075}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,075}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,05--->0,15
2C2H2 + 5O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,025-->0,0625
=> VO2 = (0,15 + 0,0625).22,4 = 4,76 (l)
a.b.\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_2}=x\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
x 2x ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}22,4x+22,4y=1,68\\2x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,025\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,075}.100=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
c.
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,025 0,0625 ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,05 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=\left(0,0625+0,15\right).22,4=4,76l\)
a)
C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
b) \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
0,2<---0,2
=> \(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4}{8,96}.100\%=50\%\)
=> \(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-50\%=50\%\)
a)
C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(a+b=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\) (1)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
a--->a
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b--->2b
=> \(a+2b=0,8.1=0,8\) (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,4 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,4--->1,2
2C2H2 + 5O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,5
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(1,2+0,5\right).22,4=38,08\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 38,08 : 20% = 190,4 (l)