Cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=3\). Tìm GTLN của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2xz+2x^2}}\)
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
31 tháng 1 2019
\(2x^2+2xy+5y^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+y+5z}+\dfrac{y+2z}{3y+z+5x}+\dfrac{z+2x}{3x+x+5y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(3x+y+5z\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{\left(y+2z\right)\left(3y+z+5x\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{\left(z+2x\right)\left(3x+x+5y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{3x^2+2y^2+7xy+5xz+10yz}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{3y^2+2z^2+7yz+5xy+10xz}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{3z^2+2x^2+7xz+5yz+10xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y+y+2z+z+2x\right)^2}{5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+22\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+12\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=z\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
16 tháng 3 2018
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(5x^2+6xy+5y^2=3(x^2+y^2+2xy)+2(x^2+y^2)\)
\(=3(x+y)^2+2(x^2+y^2)\geq 3(x+y)^2+(x+y)^2\) (theo BĐT AM-GM)
\(\Leftrightarrow 5x^2+6xy+5y^2\geq 4(x+y)^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}\geq 2(x+y)\)
Thực hiện tương tự với những biểu thức còn lại suy ra:
\(P\geq \frac{2(x+y)}{x+y+2z}+\frac{2(y+z)}{y+z+2x}+\frac{2(z+x)}{z+x+2y}\)
\(P\geq 2\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\frac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\frac{z+x}{z+x+2y}\right)=2\left(\frac{(x+y)^2}{(x+y+2z)(x+y)}+\frac{(y+z)^2}{(y+z+2x)(y+z)}+\frac{(z+x)^2}{(z+x+2y)(z+x)}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(P\geq 2.\frac{(x+y+y+z+z+x)^2}{(x+y+2z)(x+y)+(y+z+2x)(y+z)+(z+x+2y)(z+x)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq 2. \frac{4(x+y+z)^2}{2(x+y+z)^2+2(xy+yz+xz)}=\frac{4(x+y+z)^2}{(x+y+z)^2+xy+yz+xz}\)
\(\geq \frac{4(x+y+z)^2}{(x+y+z)^2+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}}=3\) (theo AM-GM \(xy+yz+xz\leq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}\))
Vậy \(P\geq 3\Leftrightarrow P_{\min}=3\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
14 tháng 9 2021
\(VT^2\le3\left(\dfrac{1}{2x^2+y^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{2y^2+z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{2z^2+x^2+3}\right)\)
Mặt khác:
\(\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+1\right)+y^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{4x+2y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+x+y}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{18}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le\dfrac{1}{6}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
VT
27 tháng 1 2018
bài 3:
a, đặt x12=y9=z5=k
=>x=12k,y=9k,z=5k
ta có: ayz=20=> 12k.9k.5k=20
=> (12.9.5)k^3=20
=>540.k^3=20
=>k^3=20/540=1/27
=>k=1/3
=>x=12.1/3=4
y=9.1/3=3
z=5.1/3=5/3
vậy x=4,y=3,z=5/3
b,ta có: x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29
A/D tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29=x2+y2−z225+49−9=58565=9
=>x=5.9=45
y=7.9=63
z=3*9=27
vậy x=45,y=63,z=27
B
27 tháng 6 2023
Xét A= \(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+2yz}}\).\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)=\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2x+4yz}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{x.x}{2x+4yz}}\)
ta có x+y+z=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)=> 2x+2y+2z= 1=> 2x+4yz= 4yz+1-2y-2z=(2y-1)(2z-1)
từ đó A= \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{2y-1}.\dfrac{x}{2z-1}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{2y-2x-2y-2z}.\dfrac{x}{2z-2x-2y-2z}}\)
=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{-2\left(x+y\right)}\dfrac{x}{-2\left(x+z\right)}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{x}{x+z}.\dfrac{x}{x+y}}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x+y}.\dfrac{x}{x+z}}\)
Áp dụng cô si \(\sqrt{ab}\)≤\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\) =>\(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{ab}\)≤\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\)ta được
A≤\(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)+\(\dfrac{x}{x+z}\))
cmmt thì \(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\)≤ \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}+\dfrac{y}{y+x}+\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{z+y}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\)≤\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)=>P≤\(\dfrac{3.\sqrt{2}}{4}\)=\(\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)
14 tháng 1 2018
Ta có: \(5x^2+6xy+5y^2=4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
tương tự: \(5y^2+6yz+5z^2\ge4\left(y+z\right)^2\) ;\(5z^2+6xz+5z^2\ge4\left(x+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{2\left(y+z\right)}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{2\left(x+z\right)}{x+z+2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\dfrac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\dfrac{x+z}{x+z+2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{y+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{x+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)Theo BDT Nesbit
\(\dfrac{x+y}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{y+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{x+z}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{P}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow P\ge3\)
Min P = 3 khi x = y = z
17 tháng 7 2021
đặt\(A=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
BBDT AM-GM
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
theo BDT AM -GM ta chứng minh được \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
vì \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)< =>xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{10}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3
\(5x^2+2xy+2y^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2+2xy+2y^2\ge4x^2+4xy+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+x+y}+\dfrac{9}{y+y+z}+\dfrac{9}{z+z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
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