Cho \(\dfrac{a+b}{3}\)=\(\dfrac{b+c}{5}\)=\(\dfrac{c+a}{6}\) cmr ac-4b2 là số chính phương
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17 tháng 3 2021
Đề bài bị nhầm phải ko bạn.
Ta đặt P=\(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\) .Ta cần chứng minh P\(\ge3\)\(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+ab\ge2b^2;\dfrac{a^3}{c}+ac\ge2a^2;\dfrac{c^3}{b}+bc\ge2c^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-ab-ca-bc\ge ab+bc+ca\Rightarrow2\cdot P\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\left(1\right)\) \(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+a+1\ge3b;\dfrac{a^3}{c}+c+1\ge3a;\dfrac{c^3}{b}+b+1\ge3c\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\ge3a+3b+3c-3-a-b-c=2a+2b+2c-3\left(2\right)\) Cộng từng vế của 2 bđt (1) và (2) ta được:
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)-3=12-3=9\Rightarrow3P\ge9\Rightarrow P\ge3\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
HN
7 tháng 3 2021
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}+\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}=6\)
⇔ \(\left(\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}-1\right)=2\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)
⇔ \(\left(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\left(1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}\right)-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(d+a\right)-d\left(c+d\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\left(c-a\right)\left(\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\right)=0\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\) \(\left(a\ne c\right)\)
⇒ \(b\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)-d\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
⇔ \(\left(bc+bd\right)\left(d+a\right)-\left(ad+bd\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
⇔ \(bcd+abc+bd^2+abd-abd-acd-b^2d-bcd=0\)
⇔ \(abc+bd^2-acd-b^2d=0\)
⇔ \(ac\left(b-d\right)-bd\left(b-d\right)=0\)
⇔ \(\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)
⇒ \(ac-bd=0\) \(\left(b\ne d\right)\)
⇔ \(ac=bd\)
Khi đó:
\(A=abcd=\left(ac\right)^2\)
⇒ \(ĐPCM\)
2 tháng 8 2023
Điều kiện đã cho có thể được viết lại thành \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)
hay \(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2+bc-ab-b^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d^2+da-cd-d^2}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left[\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\) (do \(c\ne a\))
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(cd+ca+d^2+da\right)=d\left(ab+ac+b^2+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bcd+abc+bd^2+abd=abd+acd+b^2d+bcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+bd^2-acd-b^2d=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(b-d\right)-bd\left(b-d\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac=bd\) (do \(b\ne d\))
Do đó \(A=abcd=ac.ac=\left(ac\right)^2\), mà \(a,c\inℕ^∗\) nên A là SCP (đpcm)
HP
20 tháng 1 2021
Chứng minh: \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3\ge4xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) đúng
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) đúng
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{ab}+\dfrac{b^3+c^3}{bc}+\dfrac{c^3+a^3}{ca}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}+\dfrac{bc\left(b+c\right)}{bc}+\dfrac{ca\left(c+a\right)}{ca}\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
NN
29 tháng 11 2017
a)
Gọi 3 phần của số A lần lượt là a, b, c.
Theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{6}}\) và \(a^2+b^2+c^2=24309\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{6}}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\dfrac{4}{25}+\dfrac{9}{16}+\dfrac{1}{36}}=\dfrac{24309}{\dfrac{2701}{3600}}=32400\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{2}{5}}=32400\Rightarrow a=32400.\dfrac{2}{5}=12960\)
\(\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=32400\Rightarrow b=32400.\dfrac{3}{4}=24300\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{6}}=32400\Rightarrow c=32400.\dfrac{1}{6}=5400\)
Vậy số A được chia thành 3 phần lần lượt là \(12960;24300;5400\)
29 tháng 11 2017
b) Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+c}=t\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=t^2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{c}{b}=t.t=\dfrac{a}{b}=t^2\)
Ta có đpcm
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
17 tháng 1 2022
a.
\(\sum\dfrac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\sum\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
2.
\(\dfrac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{ab}{a+b+2c+2b}\le\dfrac{ab}{9}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\right)=4.\dfrac{ab}{a+b+2c}+\dfrac{a}{18}\)
Quay lại câu a
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
28 tháng 8 2021
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt[]{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
Do đó:
\(VT\le\dfrac{2a^3}{2\sqrt{a^6bc}}+\dfrac{2b^3}{2\sqrt{b^6ac}}+\dfrac{2c^3}{2\sqrt{c^3ab}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{abc}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{abc}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}=\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ca}+\dfrac{c}{ab}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
22 tháng 3 2023
Đặt \(\dfrac{ab+ac}{4}=\dfrac{bc+ab}{6}=\dfrac{ca+cb}{8}=k\)
=>ab+ac=4k; bc+ab=6k; ac+bc=8k
=>ac-bc=-2k; ac+bc=8k; ab+ac=4k
=>ac=3k; bc=5k; ab=k
=>c/b=3; c/a=5
=>c=3b=5a
=>a/3=b/5=c/15
\(\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{b+c}{5}=\dfrac{c+a}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+5b=3b+3c\\5c+5a=6b+6c\\6a+6b=3c+3a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+2b-3c=0\left(1\right)\\5a-6b-c=0\left(2\right)\\a+2b-c=0\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow8b-4c=0\Leftrightarrow2b=c\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow4a-4c=0\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c=2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-4b^2=2b.2b-4b^2=4b^2-4b^2=0\left(đpcm\right)\)