cho 2 vecto \(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\) thoa man \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|=4,\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|=3\) và hai vecto \(\overrightarrow{u}=2\overrightarrow{a}+3\overrightarrow{b}\) và \(\overrightarrow{v}=-15\overrightarrow{a}+14\overrightarrow{b}\) vuông góc với nhau. Tính \(\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\right)=???\)
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\(\left(a+2b\right)^2=28\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+4ab=28\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=\frac{28-4^2-4.3^2}{4}=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow cos\left(a;b\right)=-\frac{6}{4.3}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\left(a;b\right)=120^0\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right|=4\)
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)^2=16\)
⇒ 16 + 9 - 2\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) = 16
⇒ \(2\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=9\)
⇒ cosα = \(\dfrac{9}{2.4.3}\)
⇒ cos α = \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)
Vậy chọn D
a) Để \(\overrightarrow u = \overrightarrow v \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}2a - 1 = 3\\ - 3 = 4b + 1\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = 2\\b = - 1\end{array} \right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = 2\\b = - 1\end{array} \right.\) thì \(\overrightarrow u = \overrightarrow v \)
b) \(\overrightarrow x = \overrightarrow y \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}a + b = 2a - 3\\ - 2a + 3b = 4b\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = 1\\b = - 2\end{array} \right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = 1\\b = - 2\end{array} \right.\) thì \(\overrightarrow x = \overrightarrow y \)
\(\overrightarrow{x}\) ⊥ \(\overrightarrow{y}\)
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{2a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\). Đặt \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|=a;\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|=b\)
⇒ 2a2 - \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) + 2\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) - b2 = 0
⇒ \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) = b2 - 2a2 = 4 - 4 = 0
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=90^0\)
Tính \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) hả bạn?
\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|cos\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=2.\sqrt{3}.cos30^0=3\)
Tính \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|\)
(1); vecto u=2*vecto a-vecto b
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot1-0=2\\y=2\cdot\left(-4\right)-2=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
(2): vecto u=-2*vecto a+vecto b
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\cdot\left(-7\right)+4=18\\y=-2\cdot3+1=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
(3): vecto a=2*vecto u-5*vecto v
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\cdot\left(-5\right)-5\cdot0=-10\\b=2\cdot4-5\cdot\left(-3\right)=15+8=23\end{matrix}\right.\)
(4): vecto OM=(x;y)
2 vecto OA-5 vecto OB=(-18;37)
=>x=-18; y=37
=>x+y=19
\(\overrightarrow{a}\perp\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=0\)
\(\left(2\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=2a^2+2\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}-b^2\)
\(=2a^2-b^2+\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\)
\(=2.1-2+0=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\perp\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)
Giả thiết => cos \(\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=60^0\)
\(\overrightarrow{m}=2\left(1;2\right)+3\left(3;4\right)=\left(2;4\right)+\left(9;12\right)=\left(11;16\right)\)
\(u.v=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+3b\right)\left(-15a+14b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-30a^2+42b^2-17ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab=\frac{-30.4^2+42.3^2}{17}=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow cos\left(a;b\right)=\frac{ab}{\left|a\right|\left|b\right|}=-\frac{6}{12}=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\left(a;b\right)=120^0\)