Giải phương trình: \(9+3\sqrt{x\left(3-2x\right)}=7\sqrt{x}+5\sqrt{3-2x}\)
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\(a,Đk:1\le x\le4\)
Đặt \(y=\sqrt{4-x}+\sqrt{2x-2}\)Ta có: \(y^2=4-x+2x-2+2\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(2x-2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2+2\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(2x-2\right)}=y^2\Leftrightarrow x+2\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(2x-2\right)}=y^2-2\)
Phương trình trở thành: \(5+y^2-2=4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-4y+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=1\\y=3\end{cases}}\) ( Vì \(a+b+c=0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1-\sqrt{4-x}\ge0\\2x-2=\left(1-\sqrt{4-x}\right)^2\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4-x}\le1\\2x-2=1-2\sqrt{4-x}+4-x\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0\le4-x\le1\\2\sqrt{4-x}=7-3x\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\le x\le4;7-3x\ge0\\4\left(4-x\right)=\left(7-3x\right)^2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\in\varnothing\\4\left(4-x\right)=\left(7-3x\right)^2\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3-\sqrt{4-x}\ge0\\2x-2=\left(3-\sqrt{4-x}\right)^2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4-x}\le3\\2x-2=9-6\sqrt{4-x}+4-x\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{4-x}\le3\\2\sqrt{4-x}=5-x\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0\le4-x\le9;5-x\ge0\\4\left(4-x\right)=\left(5-x\right)^2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-5\le x\le4\\x^2-6x+9=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-5\le x\le4\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất là \(x=3\)
(Làm xong hoa mắt :((
Lời giải:
a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$
$2\sqrt{2x}-5\sqrt{8x}+7\sqrt{18x}=28$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{2x}-10\sqrt{2x}+21\sqrt{2x}=28$
$\Leftrightarrow 13\sqrt{2x}=28$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x}=\frac{28}{13}$
$\Leftrightarrow 2x=\frac{784}{169}$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{392}{169}$
b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 5$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{9}.\sqrt{x-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow x-5=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x=9$ (tm)
c. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{2}{3}$ hoặc $x< -1$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-2}{x+1}=9$
$\Rightarrow 3x-2=9(x+1)$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-11}{6}$ (tm)
\(-2\left(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{1-x}\right)+7=\sqrt{\left(5-2x\right)\left(5+2x\right)}-2\sqrt{1-x^2}\)
ĐKCĐ: \(-1\le x\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1+x}-1\right)+5-\sqrt{\left(5-2x\right)\left(5+2x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2\left[\frac{2}{5+\sqrt{\left(5-2x\right)\left(5+2x\right)}}-\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{1-x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{1+x}+1\right)}\right]\)
Đặt: \(A=\frac{2}{5+\sqrt{\left(5-2x\right)\left(5+2x\right)}}-\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{1-x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{1+x}+1\right)}\)
Có: \(A\le\frac{2}{5+\sqrt{\left(5-2\right)\left(5-2\right)}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}+1+\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{1+x}}< \frac{2}{5+3}-\frac{1}{1+1+2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\) là nghiệm của pt
ĐK: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^3+2x+4\ge0\\x^3-2x+4\ge0\end{cases}}\)
Đặt: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\sqrt{x^3+2x+4}\left(a\ge0\right)\\b=\sqrt{x^3-2x+4}\left(b\ge0\right)\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=x^3+2x+4\\b^2=x^3-2x+4\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=4x\Rightarrow x=\frac{a^2-b^2}{4}}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left[1+\left(\frac{a^2-b^2}{4}\right)\right]a+\left[1-\left(\frac{a^2-b^2}{4}\right)\right]b=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4+a^2-b^2\right)a+\left(4-a^2+b^2\right)b=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-ab^2-a^2b+4\left(a+b\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)+4\left(a+b\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+4\left(a+b\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+4\left(a+b\right)=16\) (1)
Từ pt, ta có: \(\left(1+x\right)a-\left(1-x\right)b=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+\left(a-b\right)x=4\) (2)
Thay (1) và (2) vào, ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+4\left(a+b\right)=4\left[a+b+\left(a-b\right)x\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2=4\left(a-b\right)x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)-4x\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2-4x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b\\a^2-b^2=4x\end{cases}}\)
Với \(a=b\) , ta có: \(\sqrt{x^3+2x+4}=\sqrt{x^3-2x+4}\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(TM\right)\)
Với \(a^2-b^2=4x\) , ta có: \(x^3+2x+4-\left(x^3-2x+4\right)=4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
Vậy:.........
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)
ĐẶT: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=a\\\sqrt{3-2x}=b\end{cases}\Rightarrow}a;b\ge0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=a^2\\3-2x=b^2\end{cases}}\)
=> \(2a^2+b^2=3\)
KHI ĐÓ PT BAN ĐẦU SẼ ĐƯỢC: \(9+3ab=7a+5b\)
<=> \(6+3+3ab=7a+5b\) (*)
THAY \(2a^2+b^2=3\)vào PT (*) TA SẼ ĐƯỢC:
=> \(2a^2+b^2+3ab+6=2\left(2a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)\)
<=> \(\left(a+b\right)\left(2a+b\right)+6=2\left(2a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)\)
<=> \(\left(a+b-2\right)\left(2a+b-3\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b=2\\2a+b=3\end{cases}}\)
TH1: \(a+b=2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3-2x}=2\)
=> \(x+3-2x+2\sqrt{x\left(3-2x\right)}=4\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{3x-2x^2}=x+1\)
<=> \(4\left(3x-2x^2\right)=x^2+2x+1\)
<=> \(12x-8x^2=x^2+2x+1\)
<=> \(9x^2-10x+1=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-1\right)\left(9x-1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\frac{1}{9}\end{cases}}\)
=> TA THẤY CÁC GIÁ TRỊ x đều TMĐK.
BẠN TỰ XÉT NỐT TRƯỜNG HỢP 2: \(2a+b=3\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3-2x}=3\) nha
đạt
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=f\\\sqrt{3-2a}=h\end{cases}}\Rightarrow3ab+9=7f+5h\)