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a) đặt \(A=x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) đặt \(B=2+x-x^2\)
\(=-x^2+x+2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x-2\right)\)
\(=-\left[x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}-2\right]\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MAX_B=\dfrac{9}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) đặt \(C=x^2-4x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2-4+1\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\)
Vậy \(MIN_c=-3\) khi \(x=2\)
d) đặt \(D=4x^2+4x+11\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2+2\cdot2x\cdot1+1^2-1+11\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MIN_D=10\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
mấy câu còn lại tương tự
a ) \(x^2-x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)
a,\(2x^2-8x+y^2+2y+9=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(2\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\); \(\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy x=2;y=-1
\(a,VT=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+c+b\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2\)
\(=a^2+2ac+c^2-b^2=VP\)
\(b,VT=\left(3x+2y\right)\left(3x-2y\right)-\left(4x-2y\right)\left(4x+2y\right)\)
\(=9x^2-4y^2-16x^2+4y^2=-7x^2=VP\)
\(c,VT=x^3-1-x^3-1=-2=VP\)
\(d,VT=8x^3+1-8x^3+1=2=VP\)
\(e,VT=\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\left(x-2y-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\left(-x-2y+1\right)\)
\(=-x^3-2x^2y+x^2-2x^2y-4xy^2+2xy-4xy^2-8y^3+4y^2\)
( bn kiểm tra lại đề nhé)
bình phương tổng chứ
b, B= x^2+ 2xy+y^2 +4y+4
= x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2+4y+4
=(x+y)^2+(y+2)^2
c, C= 2x^2+6xy+9y^2+2x+1
= x^2+6xy+9y^2+x^2+2x+1
= (x+3)^2+(x+1)^2
d, D= x(x+2) +(x+1)(x+3) +2
= x^2+2x+x^2+3x+x+3+2
= x^2+2x+1+x^2+4x+4
= (x+1)^2+(x+2)^2
e, E= x^2-2xy+2y^2+2y+1
= x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2+2y+1
= (x-y)^2+(y+1)^2
f, F= 4x^2-12xy+10y^2+4y+4
=4x^2-12xy+9y^2+y^2+4y+4
=(2x-3y)^2+(y+2)^2
g, G=2x^2+4xy+4y^2+4x+4
=x^2+4xy+4y^2+x^2+4x+4
=(x+2y)^2+(x+2)^2
Xong r.... dài quá...mới hè lớp 7 nên có j bỏ qua ak
a: \(A=-\left(x^2-4x\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
b: \(B=-2\left(y^2+2y+1-1\right)\)
\(=-2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\le2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi y=-1
c: \(C=-\left(x^2+y^2+2x+y-3\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1+y^2+y+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{17}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{4}\le\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1 và y=-1/2
f) x2 + 2y2 - 2xy + 2x + 2 - 4y =0
<=>x2 + y2 - 2xy+2x-2y+y2-2y+1+1=0
<=>(x-y)2+2(x-y)+1+(y-1)2=0
<=>(x-y+1)2+(y-1)2=0
<=>y=1;x=0
Bạn học thầy Trung phải k nè~~~~
Busted :))))
\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)
Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)