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x = 1/8 - y/4 = (1-2y)/8
<=> x = 5*8/(1-2y) ; thấy 1-2y là số lẻ nên UCLN(8,1-2y) = 1
do đó x/8 = 5/(1-2y) (*)
x, y nguyên khi 1-2y phải là ước của 5
* 1-2y = -1 => y = 1 => x = -40
* 1-2y = 1 => y = 0 => x = 40
* 1-2y = -5 => y = 3 => x = -8
* 1-2y = 5 => y = -2 => x = 8
vậy có 4 cặp (x,y) nguyên (-40,1) ; (40, 0) ; (-8, -5) ; (8, 5) .
\(\left(1-\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{y^2}\right)=1-\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}\)
\(=1+\frac{1-x^2-y^2}{x^2y^2}=1+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-x^2-y^2}{x^2y^2}=1+\frac{2}{xy}\)
Ta có: \(xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{2}{xy}\ge1+\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4}}=9\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
1: =(x+y-3x)(x+y+3x)
=(-2x+y)(4x+y)
2: =(3x-1-4)(3x-1+4)
=(3x+3)(3x-5)
=3(x+1)(3x-5)
3: =(2x)^2-(x^2+1)^2
=-[(x^2+1)^2-(2x)^2]
=-(x^2+1-2x)(x^2+1+2x)
=-(x-1)^2(x+1)^2
4: =(2x+1+x-1)(2x+1-x+1)
=3x(x+2)
5: =[(x+1)^2-(x-1)^2][(x+1)^2+(x-1)^2]
=(2x^2+2)*4x
=8x(x^2+1)
6: =(5x-5y)^2-(4x+4y)^2
=(5x-5y-4x-4y)(5x-5y+4x+4y)
=(x-9y)(9x-y)
7: =(x^2+xy+y^2+xy)(x^2+xy-y^2-xy)
=(x^2+2xy+y^2)(x^2-y^2)
=(x+y)^3*(x-y)
8: =(x^2+4y^2-20-4xy+16)(x^2+4y^2-20+4xy-16)
=[(x-2y)^2-4][(x+2y)^2-36]
=(x-2y-2)(x-2y+2)(x+2y-6)(x+2y+6)
a) \(\left(3x-5\right)\left(5-3x\right)+9\left(x+1\right)^2=30\)
\(\Rightarrow15x-9x^2-25+15x+9\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-30=0\)
\(\Rightarrow30x-9x^2-25+9x^2+18x+9-30=0\)
\(\Rightarrow48x-46=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{23}{24}\)
b) \(\left(x+4\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+8x+16\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)=16\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\)
\(\Rightarrow8x+17=16\)
\(\Rightarrow8x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{8}\)
c) \(\left(y-2\right)^3-\left(y-3\right)\left(y^2+3y+9\right)+6\left(y+1\right)^2=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-2\right)^3-\left(y^3-3^3\right)+6\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow y^3-6y^2+12y-8-y^3+27+6y^2+12y+6=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y^3-y^3\right)+\left(-6y^2+6y^2\right)+\left(12y+12y\right)+\left(-8+27+6\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow24y+25=49\)
\(\Rightarrow24y=24\)
\(\Rightarrow y=1\)
d) \(\left(y+3\right)^3-\left(y+1\right)^3=56\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y+3-y-1\right)[\left(y+3\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2]=56\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(y^2+6y+9+y^2+4y+3+y^2+2y+1\right)=56\)
\(\Rightarrow3y^2+12y+13=28\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3y^2+15y\right)-\left(3y+15\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3y\left(y+5\right)-3\left(y+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(y-1\right)\left(y+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Bài 1 :
a ) Ta có :
\(\left(x+y\right)^2=x^2+y^2+2xy=20+16=36\)
b ) Ta có :
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=64-30=34\)
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\left(y^4+1\right)\left(y^8+1\right)=2^{16}-1\)
\(y^{16}+y^8+y^{12}+y^4-y^{12}-y^4-y^8-1=65535\)
\(y^{16}-1=65535\)
\(y^{16}=65536\)
\(y=\pm\sqrt[16]{65536}=\pm2\)