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Ta có:\(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{19.21}=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{19.21}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{19}-\frac{1}{21}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{21}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{20}{21}=\frac{10}{21}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}\)\(+...+\frac{1}{19.21}\)
=\(\frac{2}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{19.21}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+....+\frac{2}{19.21}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+....+\frac{1}{19}-\frac{1}{21}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{21}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{20}{21}\)
=\(\frac{20}{42}=\frac{10}{21}\)
Tính S = 1.3/3.5 + 2.4/5.7 + 3.5/7.9 + ... + ( n-1)( n+1) / (2n-1)(2n+1) + ... + 1002.1004/2005.2007
\(S=\frac{1.3}{3.5}+\frac{2.4}{5.7}+\frac{3.5}{7.9}+...+\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}+...+\frac{1002.1004}{2005.2007}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}{\left(2.2-1\right)\left(2.2+1\right)}+\frac{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}{\left(3.2-1\right)\left(3.2+1\right)}+...+\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(+..+\frac{\left(1003-1\right)\left(1003+1\right)}{\left(1003.2-1\right)\left(1003.2+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2.2-1}-\frac{1}{2.2+1}\right)+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{3.2-1}-\frac{1}{3.2+1}\right)+...\)
\(+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2n-1}-\frac{1}{2n+1}\right)+...+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{1003.2-1}-\frac{1}{1003.2+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1002.\frac{1}{4}-1002.\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2.2-1}-\frac{1}{2.2+1}+\frac{1}{3.2-1}-...-\frac{1}{1003.2+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{501}{2}-\frac{1503}{4}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2007}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{501}{2}-\frac{1503}{4}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{2007}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{501}{2}-\frac{1503}{4}.\frac{668}{2007}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{501}{2}-\frac{27889}{223}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=125,4372197\)
\(\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021.2023}\)
Ta sẽ "tách" P làm 2 phần:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021.2023}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2020.2022}\)
Do đó \(P=A+B\)
Ta có \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{2}{2021.2023}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3-1}{1.3}+\dfrac{5-3}{3.5}+\dfrac{7-5}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{2023-2021}{2021.2023}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1011}{2023}\)
Mặt khác, \(B=\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2020.2022}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+\dfrac{2}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{2}{2020.2022}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{4-2}{2.4}+\dfrac{6-4}{4.6}+\dfrac{8-6}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{2022-2020}{2020.2022}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{505}{2022}\)
Từ đó \(P=A+B=\dfrac{1011}{2023}+\dfrac{505}{2022}=\dfrac{3065857}{4090506}\)
Bài này nếu dùng hằng đẳng thức lớp 8 thì hay hơn.Thôi cứ làm vầy nhé:
1+1/1.3=2^2/1.3 ; 1+1/2.4=3^2/2.4 ; 1+1/3.5=4^2/3.5 ; ......;1+1/2007.2009=2008^2/2007.2009 Thấy quy luật rồi chứ!
ta được A=(2^2.3^2.4^2.....2008^2)/1.3.2.4.3.5.4.6.5.7...2007.2009 Chú ý quan sát và sắp xếp
để giản ước hết.
=(2^2.3^2.4^2....2008^2)/(1.2.3.4.5.6....2007.3.4.5.6....2007.2008.2009) Chuẩn đó
=(2^2.3^2.4^2....2008^2)/(2.3^2.4^2.5^2....2007^2.2008.2009) Viết ra nháp thì dễ nhìn hơn
=2^2.2008^2/2.2008.2009=2.2008/2009 Tựbấm máy và nhớ TICK đó.
Ta viết lại tổng này thành:
\(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{97.99}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.100}\right)-\dfrac{49}{99}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{2}{97.99}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{2}{98.100}-\dfrac{49}{99}\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{97}-\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-\dfrac{49}{99}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{99}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)-\dfrac{49}{99}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{198}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{200}-\dfrac{49}{99}\)
\(P=\dfrac{49}{200}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.10}\)
\(2A=\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+...+\frac{2}{8.10}\)
\(2A=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(2A=1-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(2A=\frac{9}{10}\)
\(A=\frac{9}{10}:2=\frac{9}{20}\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+...+\frac{2}{8.10}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{10}\right)\)
( chắc chắn có số trái dấu ở phía sau, nên còn lại như sau)
=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{10}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{9}{10}=\frac{9}{20}\)