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Bài 2:
a: \(=2x^4-x^3-10x^2-2x^3+x^2+10x=2x^3-3x^3-9x^2+10x\)
b: \(=\left(x^2-15x\right)\left(x^2-7x+3\right)\)
\(=x^4-7x^3+3x^2-15x^3+105x^2-45x\)
\(=x^4-22x^3+108x^2-45x\)
c: \(=12x^5-18x^4+30x^3-24x^2\)
d: \(=-3x^6+2.4x^5-1.2x^4+1.8x^2\)
\(N=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2N=2+1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow N=2N-N=2+1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}-1-\dfrac{1}{2}-...-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\)
\(N=1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}N=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{101}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}N-N=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{101}\right)\)
\(-\left(1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\right)\)
\(-\dfrac{1}{2}N=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{101}-1\)
\(N=\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{101}}{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(A=1+2+...+\left(n-1\right)=\frac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}\)
\(B=\left(n-1\right)+..+2+1=\frac{\left(n-1\right)n}{2}\)
\(A+n+B=\frac{\left(n-1\right)n}{2}+n+\frac{\left(n-1\right)n}{2}=\left(n-1\right)n+n=n^2\)
n là tự nhiên \(\sqrt{n^2}=n\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{8}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{15}\right)...\left(1+\frac{1}{n^2+2n}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3+1}{3}.\frac{8+1}{8}.\frac{15+1}{15}...\frac{n^2+2n+1}{n^2+2n}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{3}.\frac{9}{8}.\frac{16}{15}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n^2+2n}\)
\(A=\frac{2.2}{1.3}.\frac{3.3}{2.4}.\frac{4.4}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n.\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2.3...n}.\frac{2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4.5...\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(A=\left(n+1\right).\frac{2}{n+2}=\frac{2.\left(n+1\right)}{n+2}\)
Ta có : \(1+\frac{1}{k^2+2k}=\frac{k^2+2k+1}{k^2+2k}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k\left(k+2\right)}\) với k thuộc N*
Áp dụng với k = 1,2,3,....,n được :
\(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{8}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{15}\right)...\left(1+\frac{1}{n^2+2n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{1.\left(1+2\right)}.\frac{\left(2+1\right)^2}{2.\left(2+2\right)}.\frac{\left(3+1\right)^2}{3.\left(3+2\right)}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n.\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left[2.3.4...\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}{1.2.3...n.3.4.5...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left[\left(n+1\right)!\right]^2}{n!.\frac{\left(n+2\right)!}{2}}\)
143. a) \(-6x^n.y^n.\left(-\dfrac{1}{18}x^{2-n}+\dfrac{1}{72}y^{5-n}\right)\)
\(=-6.\left(-\dfrac{1}{18}\right)x^n.x^{2-n}.y^n+\left(-6\right).\dfrac{1}{27}x^n.y^n.y^{5-n}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^{n+2-n}y^n-\dfrac{2}{9}x^n.y^{n+5-n}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^2y^n-\dfrac{2}{9}x^ny^5\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(5x^2-2y^2-2xy\right)\left(-xy-x^2+7y^2\right)\)
\(=5x^2\left(-xy\right)+5x^2.\left(-x^2\right)+5x^2.7y^2-2y^2.\left(-xy\right)-2y^2.\left(-x^2\right)-2y^2.7y^2-2xy.\left(-xy\right)-2xy\left(-x^2\right)-2xy.7y^2\)
\(=-5x^3y-5x^4+35x^2y^2+2xy^3+2x^2y^2-14y^4+2x^2y^2+2x^3y-14xy^3\)
Rút gọn các đa thức đồng dạng, ta có kết quả:
\(-5x^4-3x^3y+39x^2y^2-12xy^3-14y^4\)
Kết quả đã được xếp theo lũy thừa giảm dần của x
\(D=\dfrac{9x^8y^6\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y-16\cdot x^{n-9+9-n}}{6ax^5y^4z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}x^{10}y^7-16}{6ax^5y^4z^2}\)
A= \(\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)\left(\frac{8}{9}\right)\left(\frac{15}{16}\right)......\left(\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}{n.n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3.8.15....\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}{\left(2.3.4......n\right)\left(2.3.4.......n\right)}=\frac{1.3.2.4.3.5.......\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}{\left(2.3.4.....n\right)\left(2.3.4..................n\right)}=\frac{\left(1.2.3.......\left(n-1\right)\right)\left(3.4.5........\left(n+1\right)\right)}{\left(2.3.4.....n\right)\left(2.3.4...........n\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1.\left(n+1\right)}{n.2}=\frac{n+1}{2n}\)
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\(=\left(18x^{2n-3}+3x^n\right)-\left(18x^{2n-3}-2x^n\right)\)
\(=18x^{2n-3}+3x^n-18x^{2n-3}+2x^n\)
\(=\left(18x^{2n-3}-18x^{2n-3}\right)+\left(3x^n+2x^n\right)\)
\(=5x^n\)
\(=18x^{2n-3}+3x^n-18x^{2n-3}+2x^n=5x^n\)