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\(^6\sqrt{2019} = b, ^6\sqrt{2020} = a \\ Then, A = a^3 - b^3; B = a^2 -b^2\\ \Rightarrow A > B \)
Dạng tổng quát: Với n là các số lẻ lớn hơn hoặc bằng 3 thì \(\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n-2}+\left(n-2\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-2}\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}.\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-2}}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-2}}{2\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)\)Áp dụng, ta được: \(C=\frac{1}{3\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{121\sqrt{119}+119\sqrt{121}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{119}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{11}\right)=\frac{5}{11}\)Vậy C = 5/11
Xét :\(\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{a+2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+2}\left(\sqrt{a+2}+\sqrt{a}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a+2}-\sqrt{a}}{2\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+2}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a+2}}\)
Xét:
\(C=\frac{1}{3\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{121\sqrt{119}+119\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{5}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{5}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{7}}+...+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{119}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{121}}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.11}=\frac{5}{11}\)
Dạng tổng quát ta càn chứng minh \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{a+b}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{a^4+2a^3b+a^2b^2+2ab^3+b^4}{a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{b}+\frac{b}{a\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{a+b}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Áp dụng dạng trên ta được
\(D=1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(D=100-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{9999}{100}\)
Xét biểu thức \(A=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}}\)với a > 0
\(A^2=1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)^2+a^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{a^2\left(a^2+2a+1+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{a^4+2a^2\left(a+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+a+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}=\left[\frac{a^2+a+1}{a\left(a+1\right)}\right]^2\)Do a > 0 nên A > 0 và \(A=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a\left(a+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{a\left(a+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{a+1}\)
Do đó \(D=\left(1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=99+\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=100-\frac{1}{100}=99,99\)
Chứng minh với mọi số nguyên dương, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\text{[}\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}\text{]}^2-\left(n\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2}\)\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\text{ }\left(n+1\right)^2.n-n^2.\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)n\left(n+1-n\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng: Tính B=....
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\left(\frac{-1}{\sqrt{120}}\right)+\frac{1}{\sqrt{120}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}=1-\frac{1}{11}=\frac{10}{11}\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta dễ thấy:
\(LHS=\sqrt{a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}}+\sqrt{a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}\right)\left(a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}\right)}\)
\(=2\sqrt{\left(a-1\right)^2-4\left(a-2\right)}=2\sqrt{a^2-6a+9}=2\sqrt{\left(a-3\right)^2}\ge2\)( vì a khác 3 )
Hoặc cách khác như thế này:
\(LHS=\sqrt{a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}}+\sqrt{a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left[a-2+2\sqrt{a+2}+1\right]}+\sqrt{\left[a-2-2\sqrt{a-2}+1\right]}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-2}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{a-2}-1\right|\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1\right|+\left|1-\sqrt{a-2}\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1+1-\sqrt{a-2}\right|=2\)
Đẳng thức tự tìm nha
Xét: \(\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n-2}+\left(n-2\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-2}\right)\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-2}}{2\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-2}}{\sqrt{n\left(n-2\right)}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)\)
Từ đó ta thay vào:
\(C=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{199}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}\right)\)
\(C=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1-\frac{1}{11}\right)\)
\(C=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{10}{11}=\frac{5}{11}\)
Vậy C = 5/11
Xét \(A=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}}a>0\)
Ta có: \(A^2=1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)^2+a^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{a^4+2a^2\left(a+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+a+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}\)
Vì a>0, D>0 nên \(A=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a\left(a+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{a+1}\)
Áp dụng ta có: \(D=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}}+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}+...+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{99^2}+\frac{1}{100^2}}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=100-\frac{1}{100}=99,99\)
Bài 1: Ta có: \(\sqrt{2020}-\sqrt{2019}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020}+\sqrt{2019}};\)\(\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}}\)
Dễ thấy \(\sqrt{2020}+\sqrt{2019}>\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}\)nên \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020}+\sqrt{2019}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}}\)
Suy ra\(\sqrt{2020}-\sqrt{2019}< \sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}\)
Bài 2: Xét biểu thức \(\sqrt{a^2+a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{a^2\left(a^2+2a+1+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{a^4+2a^2\left(a+1\right)+\left(a+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(a^2+a+1\right)^2}=a^2+a+1\)(Vì \(a^2+a+1>0\forall a\inℝ\))
Áp dụng công thức tổng quát trên, ta được: \(\sqrt{2019^2+2019^2.2020^2+2020^2}=2019^2+2019+1\)(là số tự nhiên) (đpcm)