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Bài 2 : Theo ví dụ trên ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)=> ad < bc
Suy ra :
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+ab< bc+ba\Leftrightarrow a(b+d)< b(a+c)\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
Mặt khác : ad < bc => ad + cd < bc + cd
\(\Leftrightarrow d(a+c)< (b+d)c\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Vậy : ....
b, Theo câu a ta lần lượt có :
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{2}{7}< -\frac{1}{4}\)
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{2}{7}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{3}{10}< -\frac{2}{7}\)
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{3}{10}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{4}{13}< -\frac{3}{10}\)
Vậy : \(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{4}{13}< -\frac{3}{10}< -\frac{2}{7}< -\frac{1}{4}\)
\(D=\frac{\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2013}{3}+\frac{2013}{4}+...+\frac{2013}{2014}}{\frac{2013}{1}+\frac{2012}{2}+\frac{2011}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}}\)
\(=\frac{2013\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}{\left(\frac{2012}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2011}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2013}+1\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{2013\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}{\frac{2014}{2}+\frac{2014}{3}+...+\frac{2014}{2013}+\frac{2014}{2014}}\)
\(=\frac{2013\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}{2014\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Bài 2)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
Xét \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
Xét \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Đặt \(B=2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\left(2013-2013\right)\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)
\(=0+\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2014}\)
\(=2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
Thay B vào A ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2015}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1}{2015}\)