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a:
ĐKXĐ: x<>-1/2
Để \(\dfrac{2x^3+x^2+2x+2}{2x+1}\in Z\) thì
\(2x^3+x^2+2x+1+1⋮2x+1\)
=>\(2x+1\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
=>2x+1 thuộc {1;-1}
=>x thuộc {0;-1}
b:
ĐKXĐ: x<>1/3
\(\dfrac{3x^3-7x^2+11x-1}{3x-1}\in Z\)
=>3x^3-x^2-6x^2+2x+9x-3+2 chia hết cho 3x-1
=>2 chia hết cho 3x-1
=>3x-1 thuộc {1;-1;2;-2}
=>x thuộc {2/3;0;1;-1/3}
mà x nguyên
nên x thuộc {0;1}
c:
ĐKXĐ: x<>2
\(\dfrac{x^4-16}{x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16}\in Z\)
=>\(\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)⋮\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)\)
=>\(x+2⋮x-2\)
=>x-2+4 chia hết cho x-2
=>4 chia hết cho x-2
=>x-2 thuộc {1;-1;2;-2;4;-4}
=>x thuộc {3;1;4;0;6;-2}
a) \(A = \frac{2x^2 - 16x+43}{x^2-8x+22}\) = \(\frac{2(x^2-8x+22)-1}{x^2-8x+22}\) = \(2 - \frac{1}{x^2-8x+22}\)
Ta có : \(x^2-8x+22 \) = \(x^2-8x+16+6 = ( x-4)^2 +6 \)
Vì \((x-4)^2 \ge 0 \) với \( \forall x\in R\) Nên \(( x-4)^2 +6 \ge 6 \)
\(\Rightarrow \) \(x^2-8x+22 \) \( \ge 6\)\(\Rightarrow \) \(\frac{1}{x^2-8x+22} \) \(\le \frac{1}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow \) - \(\frac{1}{x^2-8x+22} \) \(\ge - \frac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow \) A = \(2 - \frac{1}{x^2-8x+22}\) \( \ge 2-\frac{1}{6}\) = \(\frac{11}{6}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=4
Vậy GTNN của A = \(\frac{11}{6}\) khi và chỉ khi x=4
a/ Để biểu thức nguyên thì: x - 1 ∈ Ư(2)
<=> x - 1 ={-2;-1;1;2}
<=> x = {-1;0;2;3} (t/m)
b/ Để biểu thức nguyên thì 3x-2 ∈ Ư(6)
<=> 3x - 2 ={-6;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;6}
<=> x = {\(-\dfrac{4}{3};-\dfrac{1}{3};0;\dfrac{1}{3};1;\dfrac{4}{3};\dfrac{5}{3};\dfrac{8}{3}\)}
mà x ∈ Z => x ={0;1}
c/ \(\dfrac{x-2}{x-1}=\dfrac{x-1-1}{x-1}=\dfrac{x-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}=1-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
Để bt nguyên thì x - 1 ∈ Ư(1)
=> x - 1 = {-1;1}
=> x = {0;2}
d/ \(\dfrac{2x+3}{x-5}=\dfrac{2x-10+13}{x-5}=\dfrac{2\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\dfrac{13}{x-5}=2+\dfrac{13}{x-5}\)
để bt nguyên thì x -5 ∈ Ư(3)
=> x - 5 = {-3;-1;1;3}
=> x = {2;4;6;8}
e/\(\dfrac{x^3-x^2+2}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+2}{x-1}=x^2+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\)
Để bt nguyên thì x -1 ∈ Ư(2)
=> x- 1 ={-2;-1;1;2}
=> x = {-1;0;2;3}
f/ tương tự ý e
g/ \(\dfrac{2x^3+x^2+2x+2}{2x+1}=\dfrac{x^2\left(2x+1\right)+2x+1+1}{2x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(2x+1\right)}{2x+1}+\dfrac{2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{1}{2x+1}=x^2+1+\dfrac{1}{2x+1}\)
=> để biểu thức nguyên thì 2x + 1 thuộc Ư(1)
=> 2x+1 = {-1;1}
=> x = {-1;0} (t/m)
Vậy....................................................
1.
a) \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a, \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)+\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=-4\) hoặc \(x=-1\)
b, \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=3\) hoặc \(x=-2\)
Giải các phương trình
\(a,3x-2=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-2x=-3+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - 1 }
\(b,2x+3=5x+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-5x=9-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - 2 }
\(c,11x+42-2x=100-9x-22\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11x-2x+9x=100-22-42\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - 2 }
\(d,2x-\left(3-5x\right)=4\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-3+5x=4x+12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+5x-4x=12+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - 5 }
\(e,\dfrac{3x+2}{2}-\dfrac{3x+1}{6}=\dfrac{5}{3}+2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(3x+2\right)}{6}-\dfrac{3x+1}{6}=\dfrac{5.2}{6}+\dfrac{2x.6}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+6-3x-1=10+12x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-3x-12x=10-6+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) }
f,\(\dfrac{x+4}{5}-x+4=\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{x-2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6\left(x+4\right)}{30}-\dfrac{30x}{30}+\dfrac{4.30}{30}=\dfrac{10x}{30}-\dfrac{15\left(x-2\right)}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+24-30x+120=10x-15x+30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-30x-10x+15x=30-24-120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-19x=-114\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { - 6 }
\(g,\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(1;-\dfrac{1}{2}\) }
\(h,\left(x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\\x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(-\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{2}\) }
\(i,\left(3x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)^2\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=0\\2x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{3}{2};-5\) }
\(k,3x-15=2x\left(x-5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-15=2x^2-10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+3x+10x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+13x-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+10x+3x-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\3-2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(5;\dfrac{3}{2}\) }
\(m,\left|x-2\right|=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=3\\x-2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { -1; 5 }
\(n,\left|x+1\right|=\left|2x+3\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=2x+3\\x+1=-2x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(-2;-\dfrac{4}{3}\) }
\(j,\dfrac{7x-3}{x-1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) ĐKXĐ : x≠ 1
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(7x-3\right)=2\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21x-9=2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{19}\) ( t/m )
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(\dfrac{7}{19}\) }
đ, ĐKXĐ : x ≠ - 1
\(\dfrac{2\left(3-7x\right)}{1+x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(3-7x\right)=1+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12-28x=1+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-29x=-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{11}{29}\) ( t/m)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(\dfrac{11}{29}\) }
\(y,\dfrac{x+5}{x-5}-\dfrac{x-5}{x+5}=\dfrac{20}{x^2-25}\) ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne5\\x\ne-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+5\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{20}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow20x=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\) ( t/m )
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { 1 }
\(\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{2}{x+1}=\dfrac{x}{x^2-1}\) ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne1\\x\ne-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1+2\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-1=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)( t/m)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm S = { \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) }
a) \(\dfrac{x+1}{2}+\dfrac{3x-2}{3}=\dfrac{x-7}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6\left(x+1\right)+4\left(3x-2\right)}{12}=\dfrac{x-7}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(x+1\right)+4\left(3x-2\right)=x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+6+12x-8=x-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+12x-x=-7-6+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow17x=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-5}{17}\)
Vậy .........................
b) \(\dfrac{2x}{x-3}-\dfrac{5}{x+3}=\dfrac{x^2+21}{x^2-9}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne\pm3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(x+3\right)-5\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+21}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x\left(x+3\right)-5\left(x-3\right)=x^2+21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+6x-5x+15=x^2+21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x^2+x+15-21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+3x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(n\right)\\x=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{2\right\}\)
d) \(\left(x-4\right)\left(7x-3\right)-x^2+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(7x-3\right)-\left(x^2-16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(7x-3\right)-\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(7x-3-x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(6x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\6x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=\dfrac{7}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy .........................
P/s: các câu còn lại tương tự, bn tự giải nha
bài 1:
b,\(\dfrac{x+2}{x}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+4}{x^2+2x}+\dfrac{x}{x+2}\)(ĐKXĐ:x ≠0,x≠-2)
<=>\(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+4}{x\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2}{x\left(x+2\right)}\)
=>\(x^2+4x+4=x^2+5x+4+x^2\)
<=>\(x^2-x^2-x^2+4x-5x+4-4=0\)
<=>\(-x^2-x=0< =>-x\left(x+1\right)=0< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x+1=0< =>x=-1\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy...............
d,\(\left(x+3\right)^2-25=0< =>\left(x+3-5\right)\left(x+3+5\right)=0< =>\left(x-2\right)\left(x+8\right)=0< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy............
bài 3:
g,\(\dfrac{4}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2-x-2}\)(ĐKXĐ:x khác -1,x khác 2)
<=>\(\dfrac{4}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2-2x+x-2}\)
<=>\(\dfrac{4}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)}\)
<=>\(\dfrac{4}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
<=>\(\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
=>\(4x-8-2x-2=x+3\)
<=>\(x=13\)
vậy..............
mấy ý khác bạn làm tương tụ nhé
chúc bạn học tốt ^ ^
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
a) \(\dfrac{2x+3}{x-5}=\dfrac{2\left(x-5\right)+13}{x-5}=2+\dfrac{13}{x-5}\)
Để \(2+\dfrac{13}{x-5}\in Z\)
thì \(\dfrac{13}{x-5}\in Z\Rightarrow13⋮x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\inƯ\left(13\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in\left\{\pm1;\pm13\right\}\)
Xét các trường hợp...
b) \(\dfrac{x^3-x^2+2}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+2}{x-1}=x^2+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\)
Tương tự câu a)
c) \(\dfrac{x^3-2x^2+4}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}=x^2+\dfrac{4}{x-2}\)
...
d) \(\dfrac{2x^3+x^2+2x+2}{2x+1}=\dfrac{x^2\left(2x+1\right)+2x+2}{2x+1}=x^2+\dfrac{2x+2}{2x+1}\)
Khi đó lí luận cho \(2x+2⋮2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)+1⋮2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+1\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
...
e) \(\dfrac{3x^3-7x^2+11x-1}{3x-1}=\dfrac{x^2\left(3x-1\right)-2x\left(3x-1\right)+3\left(3x-1\right)+2}{3x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-2x+3\right)\left(3x-1\right)+2}{3x-1}=\left(x^2-2x+3\right)+\dfrac{2}{3x-1}\)
...
f) \(\dfrac{x^4-16}{x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16}=\dfrac{\left(x^2\right)^2-4^2}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x^2+4\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+2}{x-2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}=1+\dfrac{4}{x-2}\)
....
thank you