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\(x^2+2y^2-3xy+2x-4y+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3xy+\frac{9}{4}y^2\right)+2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y\right)+1-\left(\frac{1}{4}y^2+y+1\right)+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y\right)^2+2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y\right)+1-\left(\frac{1}{2}y+1\right)^2+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y+1\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}y+1\right)^2=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y+1-\frac{1}{2}y-1\right)\left(x-\frac{3}{2}y+1+\frac{1}{2}y+1\right)=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)\left(x-y+2\right)=-3\)
Đến đây tự làm ( Dễ )
Ta có \(\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(2x+y\right)\left(4x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-16x\left(x^2-y\right)=32\)
<=> \(\left(2x\right)^3-y^3+\left(2x\right)^3+y^3-16x^3+16xy=32\)
<=> \(8x^3+8x^3-16x^3+16xy=32\)
<=> \(16xy=32\)
<=> \(xy=2\)
=> x, y cùng dấu (vì \(xy>0\))
Vậy có 4 cặp số nguyên (x, y) thoả mãn đẳng thức trên: (1; 2); (2; 1); (-1; -2); (-2; -1)
a, \(x^2+y^2-2x+10y+26=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+10y+25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+5\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+5=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-5\end{cases}}\)
b,\(4x^2+2y^2+2xy-2y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
c,\(5x^2+9y^2-12xy+4x+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(4x^2-12xy+9y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(2x-3y\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2=0\\2x-3y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\2.\left(-2\right)-3y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
d,\(5x^2+9y^2-6xy-4x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(x^2-6xy+9y^x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(x-3y\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=0\\x-3y=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\-\frac{1}{2}-3y=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=-\frac{1}{6}\end{cases}}\)
Tìm cặp số x,y thỏa mãn đẳng thức sau:
a) 3( 2x - 1 )2 + 7( 3y + 5 )2= 0
b) x2 + y2 - 2x +10y + 26 = 0
Ta có : 3(2x - 1)2 \(\ge0\forall x\)
7(3y + 5)2 \(\ge0\forall x\)
Mà : 3(2x - 1)2 + 7(3y + 5)2 = 0
Nên : 3(2x - 1)2 = 7(3y + 5)2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\\7\left(3y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(3y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-1\right)=0\\\left(3y+1\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x=1\\3y=-1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
1) x2 + 7y2 - 4xy - 2x - 2y + 4 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)[ x2 - 2x.( 2y + 1 ) + 4y2 + 4y +1 ] - 4y2 - 4y - 1 + 7y2 - 2y +4 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) [ x2 - 2x.( 2y +1 ) + ( 2y +1 )2 ] + 3y2 - 6y +3 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x - 2y - 1 )2 + 3.( y2 - 2y + 1 ) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)( x - 2y - 1 )2 + 3.( y - 1 )2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y-1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2y+1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x = 3 , y = 1 thì x2 + 7y2 - 4xy - 2x - 2y + 4 = 0
2) 11x2 + y2 - 6xy - 14x + 2y +9 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)[ y2 - 2y.( 3x - 1 ) + 9x2 - 6x +1 ] + 2x2 - 8x + 8 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)[ y2 - 2y.( 3x - 1 ) + ( 3x - 1 )2 ] + 2.( x2 - 4x + 4 ) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)( y - 3x + 1 )2 + 2.( x - 2 )2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y-3x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y-3x+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y=3x-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y=5\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x = 2 , y = 5 thì 11x2 + y2 - 6xy - 14x + 2y + 9 = 0