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The temple was built in 1070 and was reconstructed during the Trần dynasty (1225–1400) and in the subsequent dynasties. For nearly two centuries, despite wars and disasters, the temple has preserved ancient architectural styles of many dynasties as well as precious relics. Major restorations have taken place in 1920, 1954 and 2000.[3]
"In the autumn of the year Canh Tuat, the second year of Than Vu (1070), in the 8th lunar month, during the reign of King Lý Thánh Tông, the Văn Miếu was built. The statues of Confucius, his four best disciples: Yan Hui (Nhan Uyên), Zengzi (Tăng Sâm), Zisi (Tử Tư), and Mencius (Mạnh Tử), as well as the Duke of Zhou (Chu Công), were carved and 72 other statues of Confucian scholars were painted. Ceremonies were dedicated to them in each of the four seasons. The Crown Princes studied here."[4]
In 1076, Vietnam's first university, the "Quốc Tử Giám" or Imperial Academy, was established within the temple during the reign of Lý Nhân Tông to educate Vietnam's bureaucrats, nobles, royalty, and other members of the elite. The university remained open from 1076 to 1779. In 1802, the Nguyễn dynasty's monarchs founded the Huế capital where they established a new imperial academy. The academy at the Hanoi temple lost its prominence and became a school of the Hoài Đức District.
Under the French protectorate, the Văn Miếu - Quốc Tử Giám was registered as a Monument historique in 1906. During the period of 1945- 1954, the French demolished parts of the temple to make room for the sick and wounded since the hospitals were full during times of war
Among thousands of historical relics of Hanoi, more than 500 relics have been ranked, Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam is a relic associated with the establishment of Thang Long capital under Ly dynasty, there is a calendar. It has been used for nearly thousands of years, with the most beautiful and most typical scale for Hanoi and is also considered a symbol of Vietnamese culture and history.
According to Dai Viet history, in the autumn of Canh Tuat - 1070, King Ly Thanh Tong began to build the Temple of Literature to worship the first and the most noble saints, the meritorious dignitaries with merit, including Khong worship. Tu - the founder of the Quoc Tu Giam and the Eastern Confucian School of Chu Van An, the highly respected teacher of Vietnamese education. Six years later - in 1076, King Ly Nhan Tong decided to start the construction of Quoc Tu Giam - a high-class Confucian school now to train talents for the country. This is an important event marking the first choice of Vietnamese feudal court on education and training of Vietnamese people according to the Asian Confucian model. There are also 82 stone steles in the monument, on which the names of 1306 people have been awarded doctoral degrees in 82 examinations from the middle of 1484 and 1780. Also on these steles, the elderly doctor was recorded. The most in history is Mr. Ban Tu Quang. He passed his doctorate at 82 years old. The youngest is Nguyen Hien, Nam Truc (Nam Dinh), and the whole year is the 16th year of the year of the Year of the Eucharist. Since then, Van Mieu and Quoc Tu Giam - considered the first university of Vietnam existed until the nineteenth century. Located on the campus more than 54,000m2, the relics of Van Mieu - Que Tu Giam are located between four blocks, the main gate on Quoc Tu Giam (in the south), the north borders Nguyen Thai Hoc street, the east borders "Ton Duc Thang, in the West is Van Mieu Street, outside is surrounded by a side fins, inside is divided into 5 areas, Area 1 is composed of a lake (Lake Van), Vu Mieu Mon Gate, or a gate of the outermost gate, a gate. There are 3 doors, the middle door is big and two floors are built, the upper floor has three words Van Mieu Mon. The second area, from the main gate goes directly to the third gate of Van Mieu Mon. The second area, from the main gate directly on the second gate of the Middle Gate, on the left is Thanh Duc, on the right there is Dat Tai, followed by Khue Van Cac (built in 1805) Area 3 is Thien Quang well (Thien Quang Tinh) what does it mean This morning, there are 82 beer in the area. Dr. Thanh has made two rows, the face of the beer has returned to the well, is a truly valuable relic, through Dai Thanh gate into the 4th area, Dai Thanh gate is also opening for the main architectures such as the two ranges of Ta Vu and Huu Vu, in the middle of the Grand Palace, forming an ancient and traditional U-shaped architectural complex. Once, this is the place to worship the Confucianists. The innermost area is the teaching place of the Quoc Tu Giam school during the Le dynasty, many generations of talented "whole country" talents have been honed here. When the Nguyen Dynasty moved the school to Hue, this place was used as a shrine when the Holy (parents of Confucius), but this temple was completely damaged during the war. The good news is that in 2000, the Government of Vietnam decided to start construction of Thai Hoc street with the value of 22 billion VND. This work is a requirement of the era, it is a new project to honor the culture of the nation. The following people come here to have memorial moments for those who have established and built Vietnamese education.
Through many ups and downs and events of history, Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam was not intact as before. The works of the Ly and Le dynasties were almost gone. Song Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam still retains the ancient sanctuary of a university from nearly 1,000 years ago of Hanoi, worthy of the first cultural relic and the pride of people Capital people when referring to the thousand-year tradition of Thang Long - Dong Do - Hanoi
Set foot on A1 hill (Dien Bien), witnessed the remnant historical evidence of a battle we understand the magnanimity of the soldiers of the time.
Arrive in Dien Bien in the early days of May, an atmosphere of victory and magnanimity is covering the whole city of this remote northwestern forest.
Referring to Dien Bien, we cannot help but mention places associated with well-known historical battles such as Muong Thanh, Him Lam resistance center, Hong Flu, Muong Phang bases ... and special especially the A1 hill where the historic battle took place for 39 days and nights.
The relic A1 (Elian stronghold 2) is next to Highway 279 (7/5 street) in Muong Thanh ward - Dien Bien Phu city, Dien Bien province. This place is 32 m high compared to the surface of an 83,000 m2 area, about 500 m west of the headquarters of the French colonial headquarters of Dien Bien Phu, along the way.
A1 in the Eastern hills along with C1, C2, D and E constitutes a solid wall that protects the central subdivision, the last high point to directly protect the French command and be considered " the key ”of the Dien Bien Phu stronghold.
More than 2000 of our officers and soldiers have bravely sacrificed. In the end, our army mastered the A1 point at 4:00 am on May 7, 1954, and opened the steel door straight to the center of the Dien Bien Phu stronghold.
The A1 victory had a very important meaning, which was opened to the entire front quickly to the general offensive and won only 13 hours later.
Today comes to the A1 base, through the remaining historical evidence of the war such as tunnel, tank, explosive hole ... we also partly understand the hard, arduous as well as the spirit brave and brave of soldiers to gain independence and freedom today./.
My mother had a business trip to Da Nang last weekend, and I had a chance to visit this beautiful city with her. She worked for one morning, and the rest of the time she took me outside to visit some famous places. The first spot was the Hoi An ancient town, which was a completely different world from the busy roads out there. I took many pictures with the lanterns, the old corners, and enjoyed some of the very delicious food. In the evening, we took a short trip to Dragon Bridge - a symbol of Da Nang City. Since it was Saturday night, we had chance to witness the Dragon head blowing fire and water. It was such a wonderful view, and I was really impressed by that. Next we went around the city to enjoy the nightlife here, and Da Nang was very different from Ho Chi Minh City. Next morning, we woke up pretty early to go to My Khe beach - which is also known as one of the six most beautiful beaches of the world. The sand was white, the water was crystal clear, and the ranges of coconut made the atmosphere seemed so poe. In the afternoon, we visited the Asian Park - Sun World Da Nang Wonder so I could play some interesting games. In the evening, we went to two other famous bridges - the Han River and the Love bridges. Both of them were so beautiful, and it was a pity that we did not have more time to actually enjoy the view. I left Da Nang in regret that night, and I had to admit that Da Nang was such a worthy city to live.
Translate:
Cuối tuần vừa rồi mẹ tôi có chuyến công tác tại Đà Nẵng, tôi có dịp cùng bà đến thăm thành phố xinh đẹp này. Cô ấy làm việc trong một buổi sáng, thời gian còn lại cô ấy đưa tôi ra ngoài thăm thú một số địa điểm nổi tiếng. Điểm đến đầu tiên là phố cổ Hội An, đây là một thế giới hoàn toàn khác với những con đường tấp nập ngoài kia. Tôi đã chụp nhiều bức ảnh với những chiếc đèn lồng, những góc cũ và thưởng thức một số món ăn rất ngon. Buổi tối đi dạo cầu Rồng - biểu tượng của thành phố Đà Nẵng. Vì đó là tối thứ bảy, chúng tôi đã có cơ hội chứng kiến đầu Rồng thổi lửa và nước. Đó là một khung cảnh tuyệt vời, và tôi thực sự ấn tượng về điều đó. Tiếp theo chúng tôi đi một vòng thành phố để tận hưởng cuộc sống về đêm ở đây, Đà Nẵng rất khác so với thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Sáng hôm sau, chúng tôi thức dậy khá sớm để đi tắm biển Mỹ Khê - nơi được mệnh danh là một trong sáu bãi biển đẹp nhất thế giới. Cát trắng phau, nước trong vắt và những rặng dừa khiến bầu không khí trở nên thơ mộng. Buổi chiều, chúng tôi tham quan Công viên Châu Á - Sun World Da Nang Wonder để tôi có thể chơi một số trò chơi thú vị. Buổi tối, chúng tôi đến hai cây cầu nổi tiếng khác - sông Hàn và cầu Tình yêu. Cả hai đều rất đẹp, và thật tiếc khi chúng tôi không có nhiều thời gian hơn để thực sự ngắm cảnh. Tôi rời Đà Nẵng trong sự tiếc nuối vào đêm hôm đó, và tôi phải thừa nhận rằng Đà Nẵng là một thành phố đáng sống
I learn many subjects in school. But the one I enjoy learning is History.
History tells us how people lived ages ago. It also tells us how men had to struggle to make the world a better place to live. Many pupils, however, do not like to read History. They say that there are too many names and dates to remember. But they do not understand that if we do not know about the past, we can not understand the present properly. In fact, only a study of History will make us realize that everything we do today is the result of what our grandfathers and others before them did in the past. So, History is the long story, we learn many interesting things.
I love history so much that i have a lot of history books in my house. Some day, i might even write a history book myself.
giup minh nhe
According to me, learning English can definitely change your life . Nowadays, many families let their children to learn foreign language, espeacially is English . The main reason is beacause of social development . Also, in some universities, you need an English certificate to pass the exams . If you have a large knowledge of English , you can speak to people around the world or you can get a scholarship. English is very nescessary to our life. So how can we study English easily . You can watch English movies or some English songs, that might be very interesting. You can improve your pronounciation by downloading the app "Elsa speak " . If you are on another level, you can try to talk to some foriegners in some parks . Learning English is very important so remember to try your best in speaking as much as possible.
Traffic safety and traffic that the world now needs to pay attention. it is not only the most important factors crucial to the development and survival of a nation, a territory but a junction of trade between regions of countries, cultures on world together. In advanced countries, the situation and development of their traffic is quite developed with a dense transport network and is regulated, but in Vietnam, … Urban transport situation in Vietnam is extremely chaotic. On average there are thousands of cases every year in traffic accidents, causing serious loss of life and property. Despite being upgraded and renovated several times but the transport system of Vietnam has not improved as much. Traffic jams occur repeatedly in large cities damaging hundreds of billion per year, not only that the injuries related to traffic accidents is also increasing, especially head injuries , spine. Circulation of vehicles on roads, railways, waterways each year but with increasing road infrastructure can present data to help the traffic situation.
In Ha Noi, the number of death by traffic accident is considered as large as the number of death by plague. There's about more than 30 people die everyday.
With the traffic conditions in Ha Noi, accident is object to happen. The roads are too narrow to travel easily. Moreover, many pot-holes can appear everywhere to threaten the goers. On the roads, there're sometimes the illogical roundabouts. They are not only useless, but also make the traffic more chaotic. To solve this problem, we only have one way, it's improving the road. However, it is impossible for the government to widen the roads because of limited land. Whenever theroads are repaired, the traffic is more dangerous with the unfinished structures. People still travel on the repairing roads, and the roads are more and more narrow. We also can build the tunnels but it is very costly. Viet Nam has to borrow money from other countries and no one knows when the government can pay it back. As you know, Ha Noi is a monsoonal tropical country, it has a lot of rain every year. During the rainy season, the roads are flooded because all the waste pipes are stuck by rubbish and become very dirty.
In addition, the tense of Ha Noi people is poor. The roads in the cities are choked with so many vehicles such as motorbikes, bicycles, taxies, buses, cyclos and pedestrians because people do not follow the laws well. They even don't obey the traffic lights or signs. Children are taught about traffic laws while adults are breaking it. Now, the government gives many new strict laws to improve the present posture. Polices are more active than they used to. Everyone travel on motorbike wears helmet naturally without any enforcement. The traffic is better and better day by day.
In conclusion, with many measures now, the traffic in Ha Noi will be good one day. The poor conditions Ha Noi can solve this problem by the development of economic.