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1) \(21x^2+21y^2+z^2\)
\(=18\left(x^2+y^2\right)+z^2+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(\ge9\left(x+y\right)^2+z^2+3.2xy\)
\(\ge2.3\left(x+y\right).z+6xy\)
\(=6\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=6.13=78\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y ; 3(x+y) = z; xy + yz + zx= 13 <=> x = y = 1; z= 6
2) \(x+y+z=3xyz\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=3\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)=> ab + bc + ca = 3
Ta cần chứng minh: \(3a^2+b^2+3c^2\ge6\)
Ta có: \(3a^2+b^2+3c^2=\left(a^2+c^2\right)+2\left(a^2+c^2\right)+b^2\)
\(\ge2ac+\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2\ge2ac+2\left(a+c\right).b=2\left(ac+ab+bc\right)=6\)
Vậy: \(\frac{3}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{3}{z^2}\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = c = \(\sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}\); \(b=2\sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}\)
khi đó: \(x=z=\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}};y=\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}\)
Có ab + bc + ca = 0
=> 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 0
Lại có a2 + b2 + c2 = 0 (1)
=> a2 + 2ab + b2 + 2bc + c2 + 2ca = 0
=> (a + b + c)2 = 0
=> a + b + c = 0 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => a = b = c (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+c^2=0\\ab+bc+ca=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=0\\2ab+2bc+2ca=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0;\forall a,b,c\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0;\forall a,b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0;\forall a,b,c\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0;\forall a,b,c\)
Do đó \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le9\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le3\left(2\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế của\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\)ta được:
\(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\le3+3=6\left(đpcm\right)\)
a/x +b/y +c/z =0 ->ayz+bxz+cxz=0
x/a + y/b + z/c=1 ->(x/a +y/b +z/c)^2=1
x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 + z^2/c^2 +2(xy/ab +yz/bc +xz/ac)=1
x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 + z^2/c^2 =1- 2* ayz+bxz+cxz/abc=1-2*0=1-0=1 =>ĐPCM
k hộ mik nha
#)Giải :
\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
\(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}=1\rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1-2\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{xz}{ac}\right)=1-2\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}=1-2.0=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
#~Will~be~Pens~#
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=18\) ( do ab+bc+ca = 9 )
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=18+2.9=36\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b+c=6\) ( do a,b,c là các số thực dương)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)( cùng bớt \(a^2+b^2+c^2\)ở cả 2 vế )
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-2.9=0\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=18\)
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(=18+2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=18+2.9\)
\(=18+18\)
\(=36\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\sqrt{36}=6\)
Vậy \(a+b+c=6\)
Tham khảo nhé~
Bài 2 :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 3ab + 3bc + 3ca
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
<=> ( a - b )^2 + ( b - c )^2 + ( c - a )^2 = 0
<=> a = b = c
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+18=2ab+6a+6b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-6a+9\right)+\left(b^2-6b+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-3=0\\b-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=3\)
2.
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)