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1. x5 + x + 1
=x5-x2+x2+x+1
=(x5-x2)+(x2+x+1)
=x2(x3-1)+(x2+x+1)
=x2(x-1)(x2+x+1)+(x2+x+1)
=(x2+x+1)[x2(x-1)+1]
=(x2+x+1)(x3-x2+1)
2. x5 + x4 +1
=x5+x4+x3-x3+1
=(x5+x4+x3)-(x3-1)
=x3(x2+x+1)-(x-1)(x2+x+1)
=(x2+x+1)[x3-(x-1)]
=(x2+x+1)(x3-x+1)
a ) \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^2b-a^2c+b^2c-ab^2+ac^2-bc^2\)
\(=\left(a^2b-bc^2\right)-\left(a^2c-ac^2\right)+\left(b^2c-ab^2\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ab-bc-ac-b^2\right)\)
\(1-2a+2bc+a^2-b^2-c^2\)
\(=\left(1-2a+a^2\right)-\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1-a\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(c-b-a+1\right)\left(b-c-a+1\right)\)
\(A=a\left[\left(b-c\right)^2-a^2\right]+b\left[\left(c-a\right)^2-b^2\right]+c\left[\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2\right]+4abc\)
\(=a\left(b-c+a\right)\left(b-c-a\right)+b\left(c-a+b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)+c\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)+4abc\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)\left(ab-ac-a^2-bc+ab-b^2\right)+c\left(a^2-2ab+b^2-c^2+4ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)\left[-c\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2\right]+c\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)\left(-ca-cb-a^2+2ab-b^2+ac+cb+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)\left(c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)