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nH2=13,14:22,4=0,6 mol
PTHH: 2Al+6HCl=>2Al2Cl3+3H2
0,4<-1,2<----0,4<-----0,6
=> Al=0,4.27=10,8g
CMHCL=1,2:0,4=3M
CM Al2Cl3=0,4:0,4=1M
bài 2: nH2=0,2mol
PTHH: 2A+xH2SO4=> A2(SO4)x+xH2
0,4:x<---------------------------0,2
ta có PT: \(\frac{13}{A}=\frac{0,4}{x}\)<=> 13x=0,4A
=> A=32,5x
ta lập bảng xét
x=1=> A=32,5 loiaj
x=2=> A=65 nhận
x=3=> A=97,5 loại
=> A là kẽm (Zn)
a)
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{16,8}{56} = 0,3(mol)$
$V = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,25} = 1,2M$
b)
$n_{CuO} = \dfrac{16}{80} = 0,2(mol)$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$n_{CuO} < n_{H_2}$ nên $H_2$ dư
$n_{Cu} = n_{CuO} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Cu} = 0,2.64 = 12,8(gam)$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PT:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
a) V= n. 22,4 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72(l)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=11,76\%\)
b) PT: \(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3
=> mCu=n.M=0,3.64=19,2(g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,24}{24}=0,135(mol)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=0,135(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,135}{0,2}=0,675M\\ C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,135}{0,2}=0,675M \end{cases}\)
a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
a,\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
d,\(C_{M_{ddFeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,1}=5\left(M\right)\)
1.
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{12}{24}0,5mol\)
đổi \(100ml=0,1l\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) MgSO4 + H2
TL: 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
mol: 0,5 \(\rightarrow\) 0,5 \(\rightarrow\) 0,5 \(\rightarrow\) 0,5
\(b.V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2l\)
\(c.C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}=n_{H_2SO_4}.V_{dd_{H_1SO_4}}=0,5.0,1=0,05M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ 0,6........0,9...........0,3........0,9\left(mol\right)\\ a.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\\ b.C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8\left(M\right)\\ c.C_{MddX}=C_{MddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(M\right)\)