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bài 1.
a.\(A=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+2xy+y^2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b.\(B=x^2+2xy+y^2-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=4xy\)
c.\(C=4a^2+4ab+b^2-\left(4a^2-4ab+b^2\right)=8ab\)
d.\(D=4x^2-4x+1-2\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+4=-4x^2+20x-13\)
.bài 2
a.\(A=x^2+6x+9+x^2-9-2\left(x^2-2x-8\right)=10x+16;x=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow A=9\)
b.\(B=9x^2+24x+16-x^2+16-10x=8x^2+14x+32\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{10}\Rightarrow B=\frac{767}{25}\)
c.\(C=x^2+2x+1-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+3\left(x^2-4\right)=6x-12\Rightarrow x=1\Rightarrow C=-6\)
d.\(D=x^2-9+x^2-4x+4-2x^2+8x=4x-5\Rightarrow x=-1\Rightarrow A=-9\)
Trả lời:
Bài 1: Rút gọn biểu thức:
a) A = ( x - y )2 + ( x + y )2
= x2 - 2xy + y2 + x2 + 2xy + y2
= 2x2 + 2y2
b) B = ( x + y )2 - ( x - y )2
= x2 + 2xy + y2 - ( x2 - 2xy + y2 )
= x2 + 2xy + y2 - x2 + 2xy - y2
= 4xy
c) C = ( 2a + b )2 - ( 2a - b )2
= 4a2 + 4ab + b2 - ( 4a2 - 4ab + b2 )
= 4a2 + 4ab + b2 - 4a2 + 4ab - b2
= 8ab
d) D = ( 2x - 1 )2 - 2 ( 2x - 3 )2 + 4
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 - 2 ( 4x2 - 12x + 9 ) + 4
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 - 8x2 + 24x - 18 + 4
= - 4x2 + 20x - 13
Bài 2: Rút gọn rồi tính giá trị biểu thức:
a) A = ( x + 3 )2 + ( x - 3 )( x + 3 ) - 2 ( x + 2 )( x - 4 )
= x2 + 6x + 9 + x2 - 9 - 2 ( x2 - 2x - 8 )
= 2x2 + 6x - 2x2 + 4x + 16
= 10x + 16
Thay x = 1/2 vào A, ta có:
\(A=10.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)+16=-5+16=11\)
b) B = ( 3x + 4 )2 - ( x - 4 )( x + 4 ) - 10x
= 9x2 + 24x + 16 - x2 + 16 - 10x
= 8x2 + 14x + 32
Thay x = - 1/10 vào B, ta có:
\(B=8.\left(-\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+14.\left(-\frac{1}{10}\right)+32=\frac{767}{25}\)
c) C = ( x + 1 )2 - ( 2x - 1 )2 + 3 ( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
= x2 + 2x + 1 - 4x2 + 4x - 1 + 3 ( x2 - 4 )
= - 3x2 + 6x + 3x2 - 12
= 6x - 12
Thay x = 1 vào C, ta có:
\(C=6.1-12=-6\)
d) D = ( x - 3 )( x + 3 ) + ( x - 2 )2 - 2x ( x - 4 )
= x2 - 9 + x2 - 4x + 4 - 2x2 + 8x
= 4x - 5
Thay x = - 1 vào D, ta có:
\(D=4.\left(-1\right)-5=-9\)
\(P=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4x^2=\left(x-y-x-y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(-2y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x\right)=2\left(y-x\right)2\left(y+x\right)=4\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2y+3x-3y=x^2\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+3\right)\)
\(x^3-2x^2-4xy^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=x\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x-2y-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-8=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-8\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có:
\(t\left(t+2\right)-8=t^2+2t-8=t^2-2t+4t-8=t\left(t-2\right)+4\left(t-2\right)=\left(t-2\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-2\right)=\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\left(x^2+7x-8\right)\)
Bài1: Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a)36-4x2+4xy-y2
\(=6^2-\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=6^2-\left(2x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(6+2x-y\right)\left(6-2x+y\right)\)
b)2x4+3x2-5
\(=2x^4-2x^2+5x^2-5\)
\(=2x^2\left(x^2-1\right)+5\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x^2+5\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x^2+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
B1:a)\(36-4x^2+4xy-y^2=36-\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=6^2-\left(2x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(6-2x+y\right)\left(6+2x-y\right)\)
c)\(a^3-ab^2+a^2+b^2-2ab=a\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\)\(=a\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+a-b\right)\)
d)\(x^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)x+a^2b^2=x^2-a^2x-b^2x+a^2b^2\)\(=x\left(x-a^2\right)-b^2\left(x-a^2\right)=\left(x-a^2\right)\left(x-b^2\right)\)
e)\(x\left(x-y\right)+x^2-y^2=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
a)
\(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)+\left(y^3+3y^2+3y+1\right)+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right]=0\)
Lại có :\(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1=\left[\left(x+1\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(y+1\right)\right]^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y+1\right)^2+1>0\)
Nên \(x+y+2=0\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Ta có :
\(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{-2}{xy}\)
Vì \(4xy\le\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow4xy\le\left(-2\right)^2\Rightarrow4xy\le4\Rightarrow xy\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge\frac{1}{1}\Rightarrow\frac{-2}{xy}\le-2\)
hay \(M\le-2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=-1\)
Vậy \(Max_M=-2\)khi \(x=y=-1\)
c) ( Mình nghĩ bài này cho x, y, z ko âm thì mới xảy ra dấu "=" để tìm Min chứ cho x ,y ,z dương thì ko biết nữa ^_^ , mình làm bài này với điều kiện x ,y ,z ko âm nhé )
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y+3z=6\\3x+4y-3z=4\end{cases}\Rightarrow2x+y+3z+3x+4y-3z=6+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+5y=10\Rightarrow x+y=2\)
\(\Rightarrow y=2-x\)
Vì \(y=2-x\)nên \(2x+y+3z=6\Leftrightarrow2x+2-x+3z=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3z=4\Leftrightarrow3z=4-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z=\frac{4-x}{3}\)
Thay \(y=2-x\)và \(z=\frac{4-x}{3}\)vào \(P\)ta có :
\(P=2x+3y-4z=2x+3\left(2-x\right)-4.\frac{4-x}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2x+6-3x-\frac{16}{3}+\frac{4x}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x}{3}+\frac{2}{3}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)( Vì \(x\ge0\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2\\z=\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)( Thỏa mãn điều kiện y , z ko âm )
Vậy \(Min_P=\frac{2}{3}\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=2\\z=\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
2,a A+4=4+(5x^2+6x+1)/x^2=(9x^2+6x+1)/x^2=(3x+1)^2/x^2 >/ 0 với mọi x
=>A >/ -4 =>minA=-4 , đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=-1/3
2,b dễ c/m bđt : x^3+y^3 >/ (x+y)^3/4,khai triển hết ra còn 3(x-y)^2 >/ 0 ,đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y
x^6+y^6=(x^2)^3+(y^2)^3 >/ (x^2+y^2)^3/4=1/4 ,đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y=1/căn(2)
2,c (a^3-3ab^2)^2=a^6-6a^4b^2+9a^2b^4=5^2=25
(b^3-3a^2b)^2=b^6-6a^2b^4+9a^4b^2=10^2=100
Cộng theo vế đc a^6+b^6+3a^2b^4+3a^4b^2=(a^2+b^2)^3=25+100=125 =>S=a^2+b^2=5
B1
a, \(=>A=\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)=2x.2y=4xy\)
b, \(=>B=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]^2=\left[x+y-x+y\right]^2=\left[2y\right]^2=4y^2\)
c,\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\)\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^3+1^3\right)\left(x^3-1^3\right)=x^6-1\)
d, \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(a-b+c\right)^2-2\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-b+c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-c+b-c\right)\left(a+b-c-b+c\right)\)
\(+\left(a-b+c+b-c\right)\left(a-b+c-b+c\right)\)
\(=a\left(a+2b-2c\right)+a\left(a-2b\right)\)
\(=a\left(a+2b-2c+a-2b\right)=a\left(2a-2c\right)=2a^2-2ac\)
B2:
\(\)\(x+y=3=>\left(x+y\right)^2=9=>x^2+2xy+y^2=9\)
\(=>xy=\dfrac{9-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{9-\left(17\right)}{2}=-4\)
\(=>x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=3\left(17+4\right)=63\)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy+y^2\)
=4xy
b) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y\right)^2=4y^2\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=x^6-1\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-c-b+c\right)\left(a+b-c+b-c\right)+\left(a+b+c-b+c\right)\left(a+b+c+b-c\right)\)
\(=a\cdot\left(a+2b-2c\right)+\left(a+2c\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
\(=a^2+2ab-2ac+a^2-2ab+2ac-4bc\)
\(=2a^2-4bc\)