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b)\(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}+\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}=3\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}+\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}\right)^2=\left(3\left(x+y\right)\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(5x^2+2xy+2y^2\right)\left(2x^2+2xy+5y^2\right)}=x^2+7xy+y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x^2+2xy+2y^2\right)\left(2x^2+2xy+5y^2\right)=\left(x^2+7xy+y^2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;0\right),\left(1;1\right)\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(xy+1\right)-y\left(xy+1\right)+xy+1=2\\\left(x^2-y^{ }\right)^2+xy+1=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2-y+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)=2\\\left(x^2-y\right)^2+xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-y+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)-\left(x^2-y\right)^2-\left(xy+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+1\right)\left(x^2-y\right)-\left(x^2-y\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y\right)\left(xy+1-x^2+y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x^2\\xy+1=x^2-y\end{matrix}\right.\)thay PT xuống dưới
Với \(y=x^2\) thay xuống PT dưới \(\Rightarrow x^3=1\)
Với \(xy+1=x^2-y\) thay xuống dưới:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+1=x^2-y\\2\left(xy+1\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+1=x^2-y\\xy=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0;y=-1\\y=0;x^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x^3y-xy^2+xy-y=1\left(1\right)\\x^4+y^2-xy\left(2x-1\right)=1\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2-y\right)+xy\left(x^2-y\right)+xy=1\\\left(x^2-y\right)^2+xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x^2-y\\b=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có hệ phương trình mới:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+ab+b=1\\a^2+b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+a^2-2a=0\\b=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\left(a^2+a-2\right)=0\\b=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0;1;-2\\b=1;0;-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với: \(\left(a,b\right)=\left(0;1\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=0\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
Tương tự như trên .....
Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm \(\left(x,y\right)=\left\{\left(1;1\right);\left(0;-1\right);\left(-1;0\right);\left(1;0\right);\left(-1;3\right)\right\}\)
Xét \(y=0\)\(\Rightarrow...\)
Xét \(y\ne0\). Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy+2x=5y\\\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=-3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2x=5y-y^2-xy\left(1\right)\\\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=-3y\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay (1) vào (2), ta có:
\(\left(5y-y^2-xy\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=-3y\)
\(-y\left(x+y-5\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=-3y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-5\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=3\left(\cdot\right)\)
Đặt \(x+y-5=t\), phương trình \(\left(\cdot\right)\) trở thành
\(t\left(t+2\right)=3\)\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t+1=4\Leftrightarrow\left(t+1\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t+1=2\\t+1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y-5=1\\x+y-5=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=6\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow...\)