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\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
\(2A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{32}\)
\(2A+A=\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{32}\right)\)
\(3A=1-\frac{1}{64}\)
\(3A=\frac{63}{64}\Rightarrow A=\frac{63}{64}\div3=\frac{21}{64}< \frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\Rightarrow A< \frac{8}{9}\)(1)
Lại có \(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{4}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\Rightarrow A>\frac{2}{5}\)(2)
Từ (1) (2) => \(\frac{2}{5}< A< \frac{8}{9}\left(\text{ĐPCM}\right)\)
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(A>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(A>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(A>\frac{2}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Ta cũng có :
\( A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+......+\frac{1}{9.9}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+......+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-......+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(A< \frac{8}{9}\left(2\right)\)
\(\text{Từ (1) và (2) }\Rightarrow\frac{2}{5}< A< \frac{8}{9}\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
A= 1/2.2 + 1/3.3 + 1/4.4 + 1/5.5 + 1/6.6 + 1/7.7 + 1/8.8 + 1/9.9
Vì 1/2.2 > 1/2.3; 1/3.3 > 1/3.4 ; 1/5.5 > 1/5.6;...... nên
1/2.2 +1/3.3 + 1/4.4 + 1/5.5 + 1/6.6 + 1/7.7 + 1/8.8 + 1/9.9 > 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + 1/4.5 + 1/5.6 + 1/6.7 + 1/7.8 + 1/8.9 + 1/9.10
Ta có: 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + 1/4.5 + 1/5.6 + 1/6.7 + 1/7.8 + 1/8.9 + 1/9.10
= 1/2-1/3 + 1/3 -1/4 + 1/4-1/5+...+1/9-1/10
= 1/2- 1/10
= 2/5
Vì A < 2/5 mà 2/5 <7/8 nên 2/5 < A < 7/8
Vậy....
1)
a) \(x+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{64}+\frac{1}{128}=5\)
\(x+\frac{64}{128}+\frac{32}{128}+\frac{16}{128}+\frac{8}{128}+\frac{4}{128}+\frac{2}{128}+\frac{1}{128}=5\)
\(x+\frac{127}{128}=5\)
\(x=5-\frac{127}{128}=\frac{513}{128}\)
b) \(x+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{243}+\frac{1}{729}+\frac{1}{2187}=3\)
\(x+\frac{729}{2187}+\frac{243}{2187}+\frac{81}{2187}+\frac{27}{2187}+\frac{9}{2187}+\frac{3}{2187}+\frac{1}{2187}=3\)
\(x+\frac{2186}{2187}=3\)
\(x=3-\frac{2186}{2187}=\frac{4375}{2187}\)
2)
a) \(\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot5}+\frac{1}{5\cdot6}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{6}=\frac{5}{6}\)
b) \(5\frac{1}{2}+3\frac{5}{6}+\frac{2}{3}\)
\(=\left(5+3\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{6}\right)\)
\(=8+\left(\frac{3}{6}+\frac{4}{6}+\frac{5}{6}\right)\)
\(=8+2=10\)
c) \(7\frac{7}{8}+1\frac{4}{6}+3\frac{3}{5}\)
\(=\left(7+1+3\right)+\left(\frac{7}{8}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{5}\right)\)
\(=11+\left(\frac{105}{120}+\frac{80}{120}+\frac{72}{120}\right)\)
\(=11+\frac{257}{120}=\frac{1577}{120}\)
3) Gọi số đó là x. Theo đề ta có :
\(\frac{16-x}{21+x}=\frac{5}{7}\)
\(7\left(16-x\right)=5\left(21+x\right)\)
\(112-7x=105+5x\)
\(112-105=7x-5x\)
\(7=2x\)
\(x=\frac{7}{2}=3,5\) ( vô lí )
Vậy không có số tự nhiên để thõa mãn điều kiện trên.
\(\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{9}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{16}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{25}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{10000}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{8}{9}\cdot\frac{15}{16}\cdot\frac{24}{25}\cdot...\cdot\frac{9999}{10000}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1\cdot3\right)\left(2\cdot4\right)\left(3\cdot5\right)\left(4\cdot6\right)...\left(99\cdot101\right)}{\left(2\cdot2\right)\left(3\cdot3\right)\left(4\cdot4\right)\left(5\cdot5\right)...\left(100\cdot100\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot99\right)\left(3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot6\cdot...\cdot101\right)}{\left(2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot100\right)\left(2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot100\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1\cdot101}{100\cdot2}\)
\(=\frac{101}{200}\)