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Lời giải:
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=3xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=3\)
Mà theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Do đó: \(3\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3\)
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Ta có: \(\text{VT}=x-\frac{xz}{x^2+z}+y-\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+z-\frac{yz}{z^2+y}\)
\(=(x+y+z)-\left(\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+\frac{yz}{z^2+y}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z}\right)\)
\(\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xy}{\sqrt{xy^2}}+\frac{yz}{\sqrt{z^2y}}+\frac{xz}{\sqrt{x^2z}}\right)\) (AM-GM)
\(=x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\leq \frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}+\frac{z+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\text{VT}\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}(x+y+z)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy, ta có:
\(VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2.y^2.z^2}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Ta có: xyz=1 và x,y,z >0
\(\Rightarrow x\le1\Rightarrow x+1\le2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{1}{y+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{y+1}.\dfrac{1}{z+1}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
theo bđt cauchy schwarz ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x^3+y^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x^3y^2}}=\dfrac{1}{xy}\\\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{y^3+z^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{2\sqrt{y^3z^2}}=\dfrac{1}{yz}\\\dfrac{2\sqrt{z}}{z^3+x^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{z}}{2\sqrt{z^3y^2}}=\dfrac{1}{zy}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}{2}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\)\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
+,3 = x + y + z \(\ge\) \(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\Rightarrow xyz\le1\)
+, P \(\ge\) \(3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{xyz\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{x+y+z+3}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\dfrac{x^3}{x\sqrt{1-x^2}}\ge\dfrac{x^3}{\dfrac{x^2+1-x^2}{2}}=2x^3\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}\ge2y^3;\dfrac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge2z^3\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(P\ge2x^3+2y^3+2z^3=2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)=2\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}}=x\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z+1}{4}\ge y\\\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{4}\ge z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}+\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\) (1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}=1,5\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge1,5\) (đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Sửa: =>\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(1\right)\)