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Do \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\left(y+z\right)\Rightarrow x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2\Rightarrow4yz-x^2=4yz-\left(y+z^2\right)=-\left(y-z\right)^2\)
Tương tự \(4zx-y^2=-\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(4xy-z^2=-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
Ta lại có: \(yz+2x^2=yz+x^2-x\left(y+z\right)=yz+x^2-xy-xz=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Tương tự: \(zx+2y^2=\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(xy+2z^2=\left(y-z\right)\left(y-y\right)\)
\(P=\frac{\left(4yz-x^2\right)\left(4zx-y^2\right)\left(4xy-z^2\right)}{\left(yz+2x^2\right)\left(zx+2y^2\right)\left(xy+2z^2\right)}=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}=1\)
Xét tích : \(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)
=\(x^3\left(z-y\right)+x^2\left(z-y\right)\left(z+y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(+z^3\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2\left(z^2-y^2\right)+y^2\left(x^2-z^2\right)+z^2\left(y^2-x^2\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2z^2-x^2y^2+y^2x^2-y^2z^2+z^2y^2-z^2x^2\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
Như vậy:
\(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}{\frac{x\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^3\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^3\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
Áp dụng holder ta có:
\(\left(1+1+1\right)\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2\right)\)
\(\ge\left(\sqrt[3]{x^4yz}+\sqrt{y^4zx}+\sqrt{z^4xy}\right)^3=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)^3\)
Dạo này bận lắm nên cũng lười luôn nên thông cảm.
Bài này làm được theo 1 cách khác nhưng phải áp dụng 2 lần bđt
lần 1 dùng bđt Schur
lần 2 dùng AM-GM
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x^2+xy}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}-\frac{xy+yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{y^2-zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}=\frac{y}{x+y}-\frac{z}{y+z};\frac{z^2-xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{z}{z+y}-\frac{x}{z+x}\)
Khi đó:
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y^2-zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z^2-xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=0\)
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{yz}+1+\frac{y^2-zx}{zx}+1+\frac{z^2-xy}{xy}+1=3\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{yz}+\frac{y^2}{zx}+\frac{z^2}{xy}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)=3\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{cases}}\)
Tới đây bạn thay vào nhé :)
Đẳng thức ban đầu \(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=4x^2+4y^2+4z^2-4xy-4yz-4zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)