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Xét \(pt(2):\) \(\left(2x+4y-1\right)\sqrt{2x-y-1}=\left(4x-2y-3\right)\sqrt{x+2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+4y-1\right)^2\left(2x-y-1\right)-\left(4x-2y-3\right)^2\left(x+2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x^3+12x^2y+12x^2+44xy^2+8xy-3x-24y^3-32y^2-11y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-3y-1\right)\left(8x^2+12xy-4x-8y^2-8y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3y+1\) thay vào \(pt(1)\) ta có
\(pt\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(3y+1\right)^2-5y^2-8y=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-1\right)\left(2y+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\Leftrightarrow x=4\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 32:
a) P= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+4}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(1+\sqrt{2}\)
b) Có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-2y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-y\\x=2y\end{cases}}}\)
Thay x=-y ta có: Q=\(\frac{-y-y}{-y+y}\)=\(\frac{-2y}{0}\)(loại )
Thay x=2y ta có : Q=\(\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-1}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x-y\right)^2+10x-6y+8}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)+10x-6y+8\le2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)^2+8\left(x-y\right)+8\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y+2\right)^2\le0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=y-1\\x-y+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}y=x+2\)
Thế vào P ta được
\(P=x^4+\left(x+2\right)^2-5x-5\left(x+2\right)+2020\)
\(=x^4+2x^2-6x+2014\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)^2+3\left(x-1\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Vậy GTNN là P = 2010 đạt được khi x = 1, y = 3
Ta có: √x+1+√y−1≤√2(x+y)
⇔√2(x−y)2+10x−6y+8≤√2(x+y)
⇔2(x−y)+10x−6y+8≤2(x+y)
⇔2(x−y)2+8(x−y)+8≤0
⇔2(x−y+2)2≤0
Dấu = xảy ra khi {
| x+1=y−1 |
| x−y+2=0 |
⇔y=x+2
Thế vào P ta được
P=x4+(x+2)2−5x−5(x+2)+2020
=x4+2x2−6x+2014
=(x2−1)2+3(x−1)2+2010≥2010
Vậy GTNN là P = 2010 đạt được khi x = 1, y = 3
vì x2+y2+z2=1 mà x2+y2+z2>=xy+yz+xz suy ra 1>= xy+yz+xz
x2+y2+z2=1 suy ra (x-y)2=1-2xy-z2 ,(y-z)2=1-2yz-x2,(x-z)2=(x-z)2=1-2xz-y2
\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2]=\)
\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-\left(2xy+z^2+2yz+x^2+2xz+y^2\right)]\)(do (x-y)2=1-2xy-z2(y-z)2=1-2yz-x2,(x-z)2=(x-z)2=1-2xz-y2)
theo bdt cosi ta có:
\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-\left(2xy+z^2+2yz+x^2+2xz+y^2\right)]\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-\left(2z\sqrt{2xy}+2y\sqrt{2xz}+2x\sqrt{2yz}\right)]\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-3\sqrt[3]{\left(2z\sqrt{2xy}.2y\sqrt{2xz}.2x\sqrt{2yz}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}[1-2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}]\)\(=\sqrt{3}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\right)=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\right)\)
suy ra
\(\frac{x+y+z}{xy+yz+xz}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{xyz}\left(doxy+yz+xz\le1\right)\)
ta giả sử:
\(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\ge\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\) mà \(\sqrt{3}>\frac{3}{2}\)
suy ra \(\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\)(luôn đúng) suy ra điều giả sử trên là đúng
hay \(3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\right)\)
mà \(\frac{x+y+z}{xy+yz+xz}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{xyz}\),\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-\left(2xy+z^2+2yz+x^2+2xz+y^2\right)]\)\(\le\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{3}{2}-\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{xyz^2}\right)\)
suy ra \(\frac{x+y+z}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\)\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[3-\left(2xy+z^2+2yz+x^2+2xz+y^2\right)]\)
suy ra \(\frac{x+y+z}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\)\(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2]\)(đpcm)
em mới có lớp 8, nếu em làm sai cho em xin lỗi nha anh
\(\left(y+\sqrt{1+y^2}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{1+x^2}=\sqrt{1+y^2}-y\) (nhân liên hợp 2 vế)
Tương tự ta có: \(y+\sqrt{1+y^2}=\sqrt{1+x^2}-x\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(x+y+\sqrt{1+x^2}+\sqrt{1+y^2}=\sqrt{1+y^2}+\sqrt{1+x^2}-x-y\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0\) \(\Rightarrow y=-x\)
\(P=x^7+\left(-x\right)^7+2\left(x^5+\left(-x\right)^5\right)-3\left(x^3+\left(-x\right)^3\right)+4\left(x-x\right)+100=100\)