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a) C=\(\left(1+3+3^2\right)+....+\left(3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
=13+.....+3^11 chia het cho 13
nen C=1+3+...+3^11 chia het cho 13
ta có:
\(3C=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{12}\)
\(2C=3C-C=3^{12}-1\)
\(C=\frac{3^{12}-1}{2}\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{90}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{89}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3\right)\left(3+3^3+...+3^{89}\right)\)
\(=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{89}\right)⋮4\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{90}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+...\left(3^{88}+3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{98}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+3^4+...+3^{98}\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+3^4+...+3^{98}\right)⋮13\)
a,
\(\left(n+3\right)⋮\left(n-2\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)+5⋮\left(n-2\right)\\ \Rightarrow5⋮\left(n-2\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)\in\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\\-5\\1\\-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow n\in\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\\-3\\4\\2\end{matrix}\right.\)
vì là số tự nhiên nên
\(n\in\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\\4\\2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b,
\(\text{ ( 2n + 9 ) ⋮ ( n - 3 )}\\ \Rightarrow2\left(n-3\right)+15⋮\left(n-3\right)\\ \Rightarrow15⋮\left(n-3\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left(n-3\right)\inƯ\left(15\right)=\left\{15;5;3;1;-1;-3;-5;-15\right\}\\ \Rightarrow n\in\left\{18;8;6;4;2;0;-2;-13\right\}\)
vì n là số tự nhiên nên:
\(n\in\left\{18;8;6;4;2;0\right\}\)
Bài 1 : \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{31}\)
a. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9.\left(1.3.3^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13+3^9.13\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13.\left(1+...+3^9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮13\)
b. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40+...+3^8.40\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(C=3+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)
\(\Rightarrow3.(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}.(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)
\(\Rightarrow3.40+...+3^{97}.40\)
Vì tất cả các số hạng của biểu thức C đều chia hết cho 40
\(\Rightarrow C⋮40\)
Vậy \(C⋮40\)
Vì 13 là lẻ \(\Rightarrow\) 13, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136 là lẻ.
Mà lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ = chẵn nên 13 + 132 + 133 + 134 + 135 + 136 là chẵn. \(\Rightarrow\) 13 + 132 + 133 + 134 + 135 + 136 \(⋮\) 2
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
a)Ta có : \(C=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{11}\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4+3^5\right)+...+\left(3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(1+3^3+...+3^9\right)\)
\(=13\left(1+3^3+...+3^9\right)⋮13\)
b)\(C=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{11}\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^4+3^6+3^7\right)+\left(3^8+3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^8\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\left(1+3^4+3^8\right)\)
\(=40.\left(1+3^4+3^8\right)⋮40\)
\(C=1+3+3^2+3^3+......+3^{11}\)
\(C=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+.......+\left(3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(C=13.\left(1+3+3^2\right)+........+13.\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
Mà 13 \(⋮\)13 => C \(⋮\)13
Tương tự với câu b
b) \(C=1+3+3^2+3^3+.......+3^{11}\)
\(C=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+......+\left(3^8+3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(C=40.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+......+40.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
Mà 40 \(⋮\)40 => C \(⋮\)40