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3: =>a^3+b^3+c^3>=3abc
=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b)-3abc>=0
=>(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)>=0
=>a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac>=0
=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac>=0
=>(a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2>=0(luôn đúng)
Ta có \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{a+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab^2}{2b\sqrt{a}}=a-\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có :
\(VT\ge3-\left(\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{ac}{2\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
Xét \(\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{ac}{2\sqrt{c}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{4a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2}{4b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{4c}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có \(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{4a}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{2a}.\dfrac{ab}{2}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{ab}{2}}{2}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có :
\(\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{ac}{2\sqrt{c}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{2}}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{2}}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Theo hệ quả của bđt Cauchy ta có \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{2}}{2}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{ac}{2\sqrt{c}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{ac}{2\sqrt{c}}\right)\ge3-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Từ pt ta có: \(-\left(1+x^4\right)=\text{ax}^3+bx^2+cx\)
Áp dụng BĐT B.C.S:
\(\left(1+x^4\right)^2=\left(\text{ax}^3+bx^2+cx\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^6+x^4+x^2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\frac{\left(1+x^4\right)^2}{x^6+x^4+x^2}\left(1\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(\frac{\left(1+x^4\right)^2}{x^6+x^4+x^2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\left(2\right)\)
Thật vậy: \(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow3\left(1+2x^4+x^8\right)\ge4\left(x^6+x^4+x^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^8-4x^6+2x^4-4x^2+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)^2\left(3x^4+2x^2+3\right)\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Từ 1 và 2 : \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\left(x=1\right)\\a=b=c=\frac{-2}{3}\left(x=-1\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{b^2c^2+c^2a^2+a^2b^2}{abc}\Rightarrow P^2=\frac{b^4c^4+c^4a^4+a^4b^4+2a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(P^2\ge\frac{a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+2a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Câu 2)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge4\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge4ab+8\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4ab\)
Do \(a+b=1\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đpcm )
Câu 3)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều này luôn luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM