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Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\a+c-b=b\\b+c-a=a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)}{a\cdot a\cdot a}=\dfrac{8a^3}{a^3}=8\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a+c-b+b+c-a}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\a+c-b=b\\b+c-a=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}=8\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}+2=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}+2=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}+\dfrac{2c}{2}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}+\dfrac{2a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c+b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c+a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) Thay vào A ta được :
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)}{a.a.a}=\dfrac{2a.2a.2a}{a^3}=\dfrac{8.a^3}{a^3}=8\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a+c-b+b+c-a}{c+b+a}=\dfrac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=2\\\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=2\\\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=2c\\a+c-b=2b\\b+c-a=2a\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c+c\\a+c=2b+b\\b+c=2a+a\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=3c\\a+c=3b\\b+c=3a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\\ \Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3c\cdot3a\cdot3b}{abc}=\dfrac{27abc}{abc}=27\)
Có: \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta được:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a+c-b+b+c-a}{c+b+a}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}\)
Xét: a + b + c = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)(1)
Thay (1) vào A, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{-c.\left(-a\right).\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
Xét a + b + c ≠ 0:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c}-1=\dfrac{a+c}{b}-1=\dfrac{b+c}{a}-1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a+c}{b}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)(2)
Thay (2) vào A, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{2c.2a.2b}{abc}=8\)
Vậy...
Với: \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó: \(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{-abc}{abc}=-1\)
Với \(a+b+c\ne0\) áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{b}=\dfrac{-a+b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a-b+c-a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó: \(P=\dfrac{8abc}{abc}=8\)
TH1: Với \(a+b+c\ne0\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{b}=\dfrac{-a+b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a-b+c-a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)=> a + b = 2c ; a + c = 2b và b + c = 2a
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2c.2a.2b}{abc}=\dfrac{8abc}{abc}=8\)
TH2: Với a + b + c = 0
=> a + b = -c ; a + c = -b và c + b = -a
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(-c\right)\left(-a\right)\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
Vậy P = 8 hoặc P = -1
Ta có: \(a-b-c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+c\\b=a-c\\c=a-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta thay: \(a=b+c;b=a-c;c=a-b\) vào biểu thức \(A\), ta đc:
\(A=\left(1-\dfrac{a-b}{a}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{b+c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a-c}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left(1-\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{b}{b}-\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}-\dfrac{c}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{b}{a}.\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{a}{c}=-1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Theo T/C dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{a+b+c}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=2\Rightarrow a+b=2c\)
Tương tự ta có
\(b+c=2a\)
\(c+a=2b\)
Xét \(P=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\left(\frac{a+b}{b}\right)\left(\frac{b+c}{c}\right)\left(\frac{c+a}{a}\right)\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\frac{2a\cdot2b\cdot2c}{abc}=8\)