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Bài 3:
a,Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
2A = \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
2A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\right)\)
3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
=> 3A < 1
=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\)(đpcm)
b, Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
3A = \(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
3A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
4A = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
=> 4A < \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\) (1)
Đặt B = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
3B = \(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
3B + B = \(\left(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
4B = \(3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
=> 4B < 3
=> B < \(\frac{3}{4}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra 4A < B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)=> A < \(\frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)
bài 2
22...2^33...3 + 33...3^22...2
= 22...2^33..32 . 22...2 + 33...3^22..20 . 33...3^3
= (...6) . (...2) + (...1) . (...7)
= (...2) + (...7)
= (...9)
=> chia 5 dư 4
A=\(17^{2008}-11^{2008}-3^{2008}\)
A=\(\left(17^4\right)^{502}-11^{2008}-\left(3^4\right)^{502}\)
A=\(83521^{502}-11^{2008}-81^{502}\)
A=\(\left(......1\right)-\left(.......1\right)-\left(........1\right)\)
A=\(\left(.........9\right)\)
Vậy A có chữ số tận cùng là 9
2)M=\(17^{25}+24^4-13^{21}\)
M=\(17^{24}\cdot17+\left(24^2\right)^2-13^{20}\cdot13\)
M=\(\left(17^4\right)^6\cdot17+576^2-\left(13^4\right)^5\cdot13\)
M=\(83521^6\cdot17+\left(......6\right)-28561^5\cdot13\)
M=\(\left(.......1\right)\cdot17+\left(........6\right)-\left(.........1\right)\cdot13\)
M=\(\left(........7\right)+\left(..........6\right)-\left(...........3\right)\)
M=\(\left(...........0\right)⋮10\)
Vậy M\(⋮10\)
A=(2+2²+2³+2⁴)+(25+26+27+28)...+(217+218+219+220)
=2(1+2+4+8)+25(1+2+4+8)+...+217(1+2+4+8)
=15(2+25+29+...+217)
=30.(1+2⁴+28+...+216) chia hết cho 10
=> A có tận cùng là 0
b) Có a-5b chia hết cho 17
=> 10(a-5b) chia hết cho 17.
=> 10a-50b chia hết cho 17.
Mà 51b= 17×3b chia hết cho 17
=> 10a-50b+51b chia hết cho 17
=> 10a+b chia hết cho 17