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b)áp dụng Bđt cô si
\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y^2}\cdot\frac{y^2}{x^2}}=2\)
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}\cdot\frac{y}{x}}=2\)\(\Rightarrow-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\ge-6\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2+\left(-5\right)+5=1\)
Dấu = khi x=y
a)Áp dụng Bđt Cô si ta có:
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}\cdot\frac{y}{x}}=2\)
Dấu = khi \(x=y\)
a) Biến đổi vế phải, ta có :\(\frac{-3x\left(x-y\right)}{y^2-x^2}=\frac{3x\left(x-y\right)}{x^2-y^2}=\frac{3x\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{3x}{x+y}\) = vế trái \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
c)Biến đổi vế phải ta có: \(\frac{3a\left(x+y\right)^2}{9a^2\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{x+y}{3a}=vt\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Từ \(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}=0\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=-\frac{y}{z-x}-\frac{z}{x-y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y}{x-z}+\frac{z}{y-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y\left(y-x\right)+z\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y^2-xy+zx-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(y-z\right)^2}=\frac{y^2-xy+zx-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
C/m tương tự đc \(\frac{y}{\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{z^2-yz+xy-x^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(\frac{z}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-xz+zy-y^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
Khi đó \(Q=\frac{y^2-xy+xz-z^2+z^2-yz+xy-x^2+x^2-xz+yz-y^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}=0\)
Vậy Q=0
Ta có \(P=\frac{x^2+y\left(x+y\right)}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}\)\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}.\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)\(=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Thay \(x+y=5;xy=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P=5^2-2.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)=26\)
Vậy P=26
1/
\(x^2-xy-2y^2=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy-2xy-2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y\right)-2y\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\Rightarrow x=2y\) (do \(x+y\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
2/
\(x^4-30x^2+31x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x-30x^2+30x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-30\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-30=0\\x^2-x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\\\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+y=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-x\\x-1=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-1\right)^2=x^2\\\left(x-1\right)^2=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{-1}{x^2+3y}+\frac{1}{y^2+3x}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-y^2-3x+x^2+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3x^3+3y^3+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-3x+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right)+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=0\)
\(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}=0\\ =\frac{x}{y-z}=-\left(\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right)\\ =\frac{x}{\left(y-x\right)^2}=-\left(\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right).\frac{1}{y-x}=\frac{-xy+y^2-z^2+xz}{\left(z-x\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tự làm với 2 phân thức còn lại, ta có:
\(\frac{y}{\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{-x^2+z^2+xy-yz}{\left(z-x\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{z}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-y^2-xz+yz}{\left(z-x\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng 3 vế lại với nhau ta có: \(Q=\frac{x}{\left(y-x\right)^2}+\frac{y}{\left(z-x\right)^2}+\frac{z}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=0\)