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Ta có: \(\frac{x+3}{x-2}=1+\frac{5}{x-2}\)
Để x + 3\(⋮\)x - 2 thì x - 2 phải là ước nguyên của 5
\(\Rightarrow\)(x - 2) = (- 5; - 1; 1; 5)
\(\Rightarrow\)x = (- 3; 1; 3; 7)
Vậy giá trị x nhỏ nhất cần tìm là x = - 3
a: \(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2009}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮3\)
\(A=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2008}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)⋮7\)
b: \(=5\left(1+5\right)+5^3\left(1+5\right)+...+5^{2009}\left(1+5\right)\)
\(=6\left(5+5^3+...+5^{2009}\right)⋮6\)
b)để có giá trị số nguyên thì :
x+3 chia hết x-2
suy ra (x-2)+5 chia hết x-2
mà x-2 chia hết x-2
vậy x thuộc ước của -5
U(-5)=1 ; 5 ; -1 ; -5
2)
A)A=|x-2017|+|x-17|
ta có A= \(\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-17\right|=\left|x-2017\right|+\left|17-x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|x-2017+17-x\right|=\left|-2000\right|=2000\)
vậy A\(\ge2000\)
=>GTNN của A là 2000 khi x-2017 và x-17 cùng dấu
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2017\ge0\\x-17\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2017\\x\ge17\end{matrix}\right.\)
hoặc
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2017\le0\\x-17\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le2017\\x\le17\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>17\(\le x\le2017\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x+12-15}{x}+\dfrac{y+12-15}{y}+\dfrac{z+12-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-3}{z}\)
\(M=1-\dfrac{3}{x}+1-\dfrac{3}{y}+1-\dfrac{3}{z}\)
\(M=3-\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)\)
\(M=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Bài 2
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4abc}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\) (1)
Xét \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (2)
Cộng (1) và (2) theo từng vế
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{225\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{225}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{22}{15}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{-4}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
a) \(5\cdot\left(\frac{x}{3}-4\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x-12}{3}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-12=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=21\)
Vạy x=21
+) 2x+3 chia hét cho x+1
Bạn chia cột dọc 2x+3 : x+1 =2 dư 1
Vậy để 2x+3 \(⋮\) x+1 thì x+1 \(\in\) Ư(1)
Mà Ư(1)={1;-1}
=> x+1={1;-1}
*)TH1: x+1=1<=>x=0
*)TH2: x+1=-1<=>x=-2
Vậy x={-2;0} thì 2x+3\(⋮\) x+1
b)Tìm GTLN của \(\frac{7}{\left(x+1\right)^2+1}\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
=> \(\frac{7}{\left(x+1\right)^2+1}\le\frac{7}{1}=7\)