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b)x2+2xy+y2-16=(x+y)2-42=(x+y+4)(x+y-4)
c)3x2+5x-3xy-5y=x(3x+5)-y(3x+5)=(3x+5)(x-y)
d)4x2-6x3y-2x2+8x=2x(2x-3x2y-x+4)
e)x2-4-2xy+y2=(x2-2xy+y2)-4=(x-y)2-22=(x-y-2)(x-y+2)
k)x2-y2-z2-2yz=x2-(y+z)2=(x-y-z)(x+y+z)
m)6xy+5x-5y-3x2-3y2=3(x2-2xy+y2)+5(x-y)=3(x-y)2+5(x-y)=(x-y)(3x-3y+5)
Bài làm :
\(\text{a)}9\left(x+y-1\right)^2-4\left(2x+3y+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+3y-3\right)^2-\left(4x+6y+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+3y-3-4x-6y-2\right)\left(3x+3y-3+4x+6y+2\right)\)
\(=\left(-x-3y-5\right)\left(7x+9y-1\right)\)
\(\text{b)}3x^4y^2+3x^3y^2+3xy^2+3y^2\)
\(=\left(3x^4y^2+3xy^2\right)+\left(3x^3y^2+3y^2\right)\)
\(=3xy^2\left(x^3+1\right)+3y^2\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3xy^2+3y^2\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\text{c)}\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y+1-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+x+y^2+y+1-xy\right)\)
\(d ) x^3+3x^2+3x+1-27z^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-3z\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)
a) \(9\left(x+y-1\right)^2-4\left(2x+3y+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+3y-3\right)^2-\left(4x+6y+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+3y-3-4x-6y-2\right)\left(3x+3y-3+4x+6y+2\right)\)
\(=\left(-x-3y-5\right)\left(7x+9y-1\right)\)
b) \(3x^4y^2+3x^3y^2+3xy^2+3y^2\)
\(=\left(3x^4y^2+3xy^2\right)+\left(3x^3y^2+3y^2\right)\)
\(=3xy^2\left(x^3+1\right)+3y^2\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3xy^2+3y^2\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
c) \(\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y+1-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+x+y^2+y+1-xy\right)\)
a) \(2x^2-2y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-4x+4\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2\)
c) \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)
d) \(x^2-4x\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)\)
e) \(x^2+10x+25\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot5+5^2\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)^2\)
g) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
h) \(2x^2-2\)
\(=2\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
i) \(5x^2-5xy+9x-9y\)
\(=5x\left(x-y\right)+9\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5x+9\right)\)
k) \(y^2-4y+4-x^2\)
\(=\left(y-2\right)^2-x^2\)
\(=\left(y-x-2\right)\left(y+x-2\right)\)
l) \(x^2-16\)
\(=x^2-4^2\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
m) \(3x^2-3xy+2x-2y\)
\(=3x\left(x-y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
o) \(3x^4-6x^3+3x^2\)
\(=3x^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=3x^2\left(x-1\right)^2\)
a) 2x2 - 2y2
= (2x - 2y)(2x + 2y)
= 4(x - y)(x + y)
b) x2 - 4x + 4
= (x - 2)2
c) x2 + 2x + 1 - y2
= (x + 1)2 - y2
= (x + 1 - y)(x + 1 + y)
d) x2 - 4x
= x(x - 4)
e) x2 +10x + 25
= (x + 5)2
g) x2 - 2xy + y2 - 9
= (x - y)2 - 32
= (x - y - 3)(x - y + 3)
h) 2x2 - 2
= 2(x2 - 1)
= 2(x - 1)(x + 1)
i) 5x2 - 5xy + 9x - 9y
= 5x(x - y) + 9(x- y)
= (5x + 9)(x - y)
k) y2 - 4y + 4 - x2
= (y - 2)2 - x2
= (y - 2 - x)(y - 2 + x)
l) x2 - 16
= x2 - 42
= (x - 4)(x + 4)
m) 3x2 - 3xy + 2x -2y
= 3x(x - y) +2(x-y)
= (3x + 2)(x - y)
o) 3x4 - 6x3 + 3x2
= 3x4 - 3x3 - 3x3 + 3x2
= 3x3(x - 1) - 3x2(x - 1)
= (3x3 - 3x2)(x - 1)
= 3x2(x - 1)(x - 1)
= 3x2.(x - 1)2
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2=3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2\right)=3.\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right]=3.\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(3x^2-3xy-5x+5y=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
2x(x-2)+2y(x-2)= (x-2)(2x+2y)=2(x-2)(x+y)
b,2(xy+xyz-2x-2z)
c, 3(x^2-xy-x-y)
a) Ta có : 2x2 - 4x + 2xy - 4y
= 2x(x - 2) + 2y(x - 2)
= (x - 2)(2x + 2y)
= 2(x - 2)(x + y)