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1) (a+b)^2
=(a+b)(a+b)
=a^2+ab+ab+b^2
=a^2+2a+b^2
2) (a-b)^2
=(a-b)(a-b)
=a^2-ab-ab+b^2
=a^2-2ab+b^2
3)(a-b)(a+b)
=a^2+ab-ab-b^2
=a^2-b^2
4) (a+b)^3
=(a+b)^2(a+b)
=(a^2+2ab+b^2)(a+b) ( chứng minh câu a)
=a^3+a^2b+2ab^2+2a^2b+ab^2+b^3
=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3
5) (a-b)^3
=(a-b)^2(a-b)
=(a^2-2ab+b^2)(a-b) ( chứng minh câu b)
=a^3-a^2b+2ab^2-2a^2b+ab^2-b^3
=a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3
d) \(D=\left(3x+4\right)^2-10x-\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(9x^2+24x+16\right)-10x-\left(x^2-16\right)\)
\(=9x^2+24x+16-10x-x^2+16\)
\(=8x^2+14x+32\)
e) \(E=\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a^2+4\right)\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(a+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\right]\left[\left(a+2\right)\left(a-2\right)\right]\left(a^2+4\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2-4\right)\left(a^2+4\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\right]\left[\left(a^2-4\right)\left(a^2+4\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a^4-1\right)\left(a^4-16\right)\)
\(=a^8-16a^4-a^4+16\)
f) \(F=\left(3a+1\right)^2+\left(2-3a\right)\left(2+3a\right)\)
\(=9a^2+6a+1+4-9a^2\)
\(=6a+5\)
Chứng minh đẳng thức:
1) xét vế trái (a+b)(a-b)=a2-ab+ab-b2 =a2-b2=vế phải
2) xét vt (a+b)(a2-ab+b2) =a3-a2b+ab2+a2b-ab2+b3 =a3+b3=vp
3) (a-b)(a2+ab+b2)=a3+a2b+ab2-a2b-ab2-b3 =a3- b3 =vp
4) (a+b)2=(a+b)(a+b)=a2+ab+ab+b2 =a2+2ab+b2=vp
5) (a-b)2 =(a-b)(a-b)=a2-ab-ab+b2 =a2-2ab+b2=vp
6) (a+b)3 =(a+b)(a+b)(a+b)=(a2+2ab+b2)(a+b) = a3+2a2b+ab2+a2b+2ab2+b3= a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3=vp
7)(a-b)3=(a-b)(a-b)(a-b)=(a2-2ab+b2)(a-b) = a3-2a2b+ab2-a2b+2ab2-b3 =a3-3a2b+3ab2-b3=vp
1a)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
2a)\(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b\cdot a+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)Đã cm
c)\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=1
1.
a) ( a+1)(a+2)(a^2+4)(a-1)(a^2+1)(a-2)
= [(a+1)(a-1)][(a-2)(a+2)](a^2+1)(a^2+4)
=[(a^2+1)(a^2-1)][(a^2+4)(a^2-4)]
=(a^4-1)(a^4-16)
b)(3a+1)^2 + (2-3a)(2+3a)
= 9a2 + 6a +1 + 4 - 9a2
= 6a+5
2.
Ta có a3 +b3 = ( a + b)(a2 -ab + b2) = a2 + 2ab +b2 -3ab = (a+b)2 -3ab = 1-3ab ( dpcm)
1.
a) (a + 1)(a + 2)(a2 + 4)(a - 1)(a2 + 1)(a - 2)
= [(a + 1)(a - 1)][(a + 2)(a - 2)](a2 + 4)(a2 + 1)
= (a2 - 1)(a2 - 4)(a2 + 4)(a2 + 1)
= [(a2 - 1)(a2 + 1)][(a2 - 4)(a2 + 4)]
= (a4 - 1)(a4 - 16)
= a8 - 16a4 - a4 + 16
= a8 - 17a4 + 16
b) (3a + 1)2 + (2 - 3a)(2 + 3a)
= 9a2 + 6a + 1 + 22 - 9a2
= (9a2 - 9a2) + 6a + (1 + 4)
= 6a + 5
2.
a + b = 1
(a + b)3 = 13
a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 = 1
a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) = 1
a3 + b3 = 1 - 3ab(a + b)
Mà a + b = 1
=> a3 + b3 = 1 - 3ab
Vậy với a + b = 1 thì a3 + b3 = 1 - 3ab