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1, If Alice hadn't been delayed in the traffic, she would be here by now. (PREVENTED)
=> The traffic prevented Alice from arriving on time.
2, It's a long time since our last conversation.(SPOKEN)
=> We haven't spoken to each other for a long time.
3, I was strongly impressed by the performance of that young singer.(IMPRESSION).
=> The performance of that young singer left a strong impression on me.
4, John failed to find the source of the River Nile.(SUCCED)
=> John didn't succeed in finding the source of the River Nile.
5, Without tourism, this area wouldn't have much income.(DEPENDS)
=> This area mostly depends on tourism for its income.
6, Roger doesn't play tennis as well as he used to.
=> Roger used to play tennis as well as
7, I don't have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat.
=> If I had enough money, I would buy that coat
8, She thought it was too difficult for her to finish her work by lunch time.
=> She found it difficult to finish her work by lunch time.
9, He speaks more persuaviely than his brother.
=> He is a more persuasive speaker than his brother is
10, " Shall I carry the suitcase for you, Pauline?" said John.
=> John offered Pauline to carry the suitcase for him
11, You need't go to that meeting.
=> It isn't necessary to go that meeting
13, It was wrong of you to allow a three-year-old child to walk home alone.
=> You should not have allowed a four-year-old child to walk home alone.
14, They decided to divide the money between the windows of the lifeboatmen.
=> They decided that the money will be divide between the widows of the lifeboatmen.
15, Keith certainly can't be held responsible for the accident.
=> In no way can Keith be held responsible for the accident.
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. It isn’t necessary to finish the work to day.
=> You don’t ……have to finish the work today.…………..
2. Sally finally managed to get a job.
=> Sally finally succeeded …in getting a job.…………….
3. That’s the last time I go to that restaurant.
=> I certainly………won’t go to that restaurant any more.……
4. “I advise you to take a holiday,” the doctor continued.
=> You’d ……better take a holiday.…..
5. If you don’t rest yourself you really will be ill.
=> Unless ………you rest yourself you really will be ill.………….
6. I should someone to take me out to dinner.
=> What I should …………like is being/ to be taken out to dinner.……..………..
7. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
=> Martin’s poor ………..…health doesn’t / can’t prevent / stop him ( from ) enjoying life.……..
8. They’ll have to take the dog on holiday with them.
=> They can’t leave ……… their dog behind when they go/are on holiday.………..…….
9. My aunt got heavily stressed because her marriage broke up.
=> The break-up of the marriage…………made my aunt heavily stressed.…
10. I can’t believe that he passed the exam.
=> I find…………it hard to believe that he passed the exam.……………
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. This is the fastest way to get to the city center.
=> There …………is no faster way than this to get to the city center........................
2. If anyone succeeds in solving the problems, it will probably be him.
=> He is the most ……ly person to succeed in solving the problems.........
3. We arrived too late to see the first film.
=> We didn’t …………arrive early enough to see the first film.............
4. “Would you mind not smoking in here?”
=> I’d rather …….you didn’t smoke in here.....
5. He wrote the letter in two hours.
=> It took ……......him 2 hours to write the letter..........
6. “Why don’t we go out for a walk?”
=> My father suggested …….we should go out for a while.…...........
7. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 8 miles before breakfast.
=> Though ……..........Mr.Benson is old, He runs 8 miles before breakfast..
8. I was very interested in our conversation.
=> It was interesting .……....to talk to you........
9. Why did you do that ?
=> Whatever …….did you do that for ?.............?
10. These bookshelves are my own work.
=> I made ……these bookshelves myself.
I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father said I could use his car
=> My father allowed me to use his car
2. Scientist began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1980
=> Researches on AIDS began to be carried out in 1980 by scientist
3. That girl is very beautiful
=> How beautiful girl is !
4. The last time I wrote to him was in 1996
=> I haven't written to him since 1996.
5. It took him onl ten minutes to get there
=> He spent only ten minutes getting there.
6. I didn't meet him yesterday so I couldn't tell him about that
=> If I had met him yesterday, I could have told him about that.
7. Could you turn the radio down please?
=> Would you mind turning the radio down ?
8. The man was very tired, so he didn't answer my question
=> The man was too tired to answer my question.
9. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy
=> It was such a heavy piano that nobody could move it.
10. You'd better apologize to Sally
=> I advice you to apologize to Sally.
11. The last time I saw her was in 1985
=> I haven't seen her since 1985.
12. That meal was excellent
=> How excellent meal was!
13. That factory is producing more and more pollution
=> More and more pollution is being produced by that factory.
14. We must leave now or we'll miss the train
=> If we don't leave now, we'll miss the train
15. She is a faster and more careless driver than I am
=> She drives more fast and more carelessly than I do.
16. How old do you think this building is?
=> When do you think this building was built?
17. He is sorry now that he didn't invite Jane to his party
=> He wishes that he had invited Jane to his party.
18. This furniture is so old that it is not worth keeping
=> This is such so furniture that it is not worth keeping.
19. We spent five hours getting to London
=> It took us five hours to get to London.
20. When I arrived in London, I wrote a letter home
=> On my arrival to London, I wrote a letter home.
II. Rewrite these sentences as directed in parentheses
1. All the teachers love him because his behaviour is good
=> Because of his good behaviour, all the teachers love him.
2. He gave up his job because he was ill
=> Because of his illness, he gave up his job.
3. Because of the darkness, he couldn't read the letter
=> Because it was dark, he couldn't read the letter.
4. Mr. David no longer works here
=> No longer does Mr David work here.
5. I didn't have time. I didn't go shopping
=> If I had had time, I would have gone shopping.
6. They had converted the major part of the temple into ''Lenin's room''
=> The major part of the temple had been converted into ''Lenin's room''
7. I'm sorry that I didn't learnt to type
=> I wish I had learnt to type.
8. She has to quit smoking or she will die
=> If she doesn't quit smoking, she will die.
9. He spent a whole day repairing the radio
=> It took him a whole day repairing the radio.
10. More newspapers are being sold in this city
=> People are selling more newspapers in this city.
11. She sings more beautifully than you do
=> You don't sing as beautifully as she does.
12. You had to pay the bill before the fifth of the month
=> The bill had to be paid before the fifth of the month.
13. The tea was too hot for her to drink
=> The tea was so hot that she couldn't drink it.
14. If is doesn't rain, they will go for a picnic
=> Unless it rains, they will go for a picnic
15. The child will die it nobody sends for a doctor
=> Unless somebody sends for a doctor, the child will die.
16. I don't have enough money, so I can't buy a computer
=> If I had enough money , I could buy a computer.
17. If you don't rest yourself you will be ill
=> Unless you rest yourself, you will be ill.
18. It was such a crazy story that nobody belive it
=> The story was so crazy that nobody believe it.
19. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> Their crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
20. ''How long will it take us to get there?'' she said
=> She wanted to know how long it would take them to get there.
Rewrite the sentences:
1.Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
=>Martin's ..........................poor health can't prevent him from enjoying life...........................
2.Thanks to his aunt's legacy of 10.000$ he was able to buy the house he wanted.
=>Had his ............................not received the legacy of 10000 from his aunt.........................
3.Mary is the only student absent from class.
=>Apart .........................from Mary, evertbody attended the class............................
4.Jane hasn't made much progress at school.
=>Jane has only ........................made a little progress at school.............................
5.My parents find fault with everything I do.
=>No matter ....................what I do, my parents always find fault with it.................................
6.It's the cheapest watch bit it's the nicest.
=>Not only .......................is it the cheapest but it is also the nicest...............................
7.The police didn't at all suspect that the judge was the murder.
=>Little ...........................did the police suspect that the judge..........................
8."What you have cooked is the best in the world!" John said to his girlfriend.
=>John congratulated .......................his girl friend on what she had cooked..............................
9.Now that his mother was being there, they said nothing about it.
=>On .......................account of his mother's presence there, they said nothing about it..............................
10.The last storm destroy Lan's house.
=>It's high time .................Lan repaired her house.....................................
change the following statements into reported speeh
1.My father is in hospital.=>jim said his father was in hospital
2.Nora and Jim are getting married next month.=>She said Nora and Jim were getting married the next month
3.I haven't seen Bill for a while.=>Tim said he hadn't seen BIll for a while
4.I've been playing tennis a lot recently.=>my father said he had been playing tennis a lot recently
5.Margaret has had a baby.=>she said margaret had had a baby
6.I don't know what Fred is doing.=>George said he didn’t know what Fred was doing
7.I hardly ever go out these days.=>he said he hardly ever went out those days
8.I work 14 hours a day.=>lan'brother said he worked 14 hours a day
9.I'll tel Jim I saw you.=>he said he would tell Jim he had seen me
10.you can come and stay with me if you are in london=>Bill said I could come and stay with him if I was in London
11.Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.=>Joe said Tom had had an accident the previous week but he hadn’t been injured
12.I saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine.=>Jone said he had seen Jack at a party a few months ago and he had seemed fine
13.I can't come to the party on Friday.=>binh said he couldn't come to the party on Friday
14.I want to go on holiday but I don't know where to go=>the girl said she wanted to go on holiday but she didn''t know where to go
15.We have a lift but very often it doesn't work.=>they said they had a lift but very often it didn't work
16.It isn't so rainy today as it was yesterday=>he remarked it wasn't so rainy today that day as it had been the previous day
17.the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.=>the teacher said that
the sun rose in the east and set in the west
1 John remains on good terms with his ex-wife.
2 It was Tom who first recognized her extra-ordinary musical gift.
3 Hardly anyone came to the restaurant yesterday.
4 It doesn't matter if you can't answer all the questions.
5 He looks like his father.
6 There is some doubt about the exact time we'll arrive.
7 I'd rather you hadn't been rude to Judy last night.
8 It's too marvellous for us to miss an opportunity.
9 They are highly unlikely to win the game.
10 Are you in agreement with Jill Tweedie's views on male female relation?
11 He attributed his win/ vitory/ success to good luck.
12 They carried out a very cleverly-planned attack.
13 Very good as / though Owen is as a player, Rooney is better.
14 I had my old coat on.
15 Wearing a seat belt is compulsory.
16 Ann behaves to everyone in a friendly way.
17 I am on duty from 6 p.m till midnight.
18 Please enter the room one by one.
I. Fill each blank
1. He knows a lot of people who live in Dalat
2. Where is the book that he gave you on your birthday ?
3. A deaf person is the one who is not able to hear
4. I met the girl whom you talked about last night
5. This is the woman whose daughter is a doctor
6. I can’t come to your party, what is a pity
7. What’s the name of the girl whose house has just been sold ?
8. The boy who broke the window was arrested
9. The man whom we met is working in my office
10. The boy whose sister works for your father is my classleader
11.We will soon gather at the village where the festival is taking place
12.Do you know the mane of the tourist who came and talked about New Year in Canada?
13.I’m looking for a book which tells us about traditional festivals of Asian people
14.I couldn’t go to the show which was held in Hoi An last summer
15.This is the photo of a Hero whom our teacher talked about in the lecture
16.My brother has told me about the festival which is held in Hue City every twoyears
17. I recently visited the school which I used to study five years ago
18. I coundn't understand the dance which I saw at the festival last spring
19. I'm really intersted in the present which you gave me on my birthday
20. Have you seen the photos which I took at the camp last spring
21. Stop him. He's the man who stolen my wallet
22. There are many people whose lives have been spoiled by that factory
23. Is that the button that you preesed?
24. The firm, which employs five hundred people, makes video recoders
25. My boss, who work takes him to a lot of different countries, has decided he needs an assistant in London. That's me
26. The work, which increases a lot when the boss is away, is always interesting
27. Vicky, whose name was missed off the list, was not pleased
28. The picture which Laura painted is being shown in an exhibition
29. Aunt Joan, who is a bit deaf, didn't here the phone
30. Henry, whom you'll meet tomorrow, is also the member of the board
31. The concert which we're looking forward to is next Saturday
32. Many people who moved form the country are now returning to the city
33. A pacifist is a person who believes that all wars are wrong
34. An orphan is a child whose parents are dead
35. I don't know the name of the woman whom I met yesterday
36. The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday
37. A coward is someone who is not brave
38. The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now
29. I met Jane's father who works at the university
II. Combine 2 sentences using relative clauses
1. I bought a motor. I can use it to travel to work every day
=> I bought a motor which I can use to travel to work every day
2. My cell phone has become necessary part of my life. I only bought it a month ago
=> My cellphone, which I only bought a month ago, has become necessary part of my life
3. My roomate has never been on the Internet. She is afraid of computer
=> My roomate, who is afraid of computer, has never been on the Internet
4. Some people dream of a job. They can do the job without technology
=> Some people dream of a job that they can do without technology
5. The man is a computer expert. You were talking to him
=> The man whom you were talking to is a computer expert
6. Some documents have been found. They were stolen from a car
=> Some documents which were stolen from a car have been found
7. Marta has a brother. Her brother's name is Manuel
=> Marta has a brother whose name is Manuel
8. Show me the shoes. You bought them yesterday
=> Show me the shoes which you bought yesterday
9. Edward has just moved to France. His mother died last year
=> Edward, whose mother died last year, has just moved to France
10. That man looks very lonely. He lives in the next floor
=> That man who lives in the next floor looks very lonely
11. The house is empty now. I used to live there
=>The house which I used to live is empty now
12. We often go to the town culture house. The town culture house always opens on public holidays
=> We often go to the town culture house which always opens on public holidays
13. I like reading books. Books tell about different peoples and their cultures
=> I like reading books which tell about different peoples and their cultures
14. My aunt Judy id the woman. She is holding Jack
=> My aunt Judy is the woman who is holdingJack
15. Linda is the girl. She is giving my mom a present
=> Linda is the girl who is giving my mom a present
16. That is the man. He bought her car last month
=> That is the man who bought his car last month
17. Those are the books. He has just bought them from the bookstore
=> Those are the books which he has just bought from the bookstore
18. The students are from China. They are sitting in the front row
=> The students who are sitting in the front row are from China
19. I like the girl. I met her at the party last night
=> I like the girl whom I met at the party last night
20. The boy is very happy. He won the race yesterday
=> The boy who won the race yesterday is very happy
21. The teacher liked the composition. She wrote it last Monday
=> The teacher liked the composition that she wrote it last Monday
22. The people are very friendly. We visited the two week ago
=> The people whom we visited the two week ago are very friendly
23. The book is very interesting. It was written by Jane Austen
=> The book which was written by Jane Austen is very interesting
24. The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago
=> The lady whom I spoke to an hour ago gave me a good advice
25. Is that the computer. Your father bought it last month?
=> Is that the computer which your father bought it last month?
26. Mr Nam is an experienced doctor. His house is near mine
=> Mr Nam, whose house is near mine, is an experienced doctor
27. The records are mostly classical. He owns them
=> The records which he owns are mostly classical
28. I saw some people and some animals. They were working on the farm
=> I saw some people and some animals that were working on the farm
29. My husband sent me this postcard. He is on a business trip to Rome all this week
=> My husband, who is on a business trip to Rome all this week, sent me this postcard
30. He is the famous scientist. Many books have been written about him
=> He is the famous scientist whose many books have been written about him
31. I've seen the little girl and her puppy. They've lived next door for ages
=> I've seen the little girl and her puppy that have lived next door for ages
32. The loud noise woke everybody up. He made the noise
=> The loud noise that he made woke everybody up
33. The birthday party was too noisy. We went to it
=> The birthday party that we went to was too noisy
34. Who was that boy? You were with him this morning
=> Who was that boy you were with him this morning ?
35. I don't like the tie. John was wearing it
=> I don't like the tie which John was wearing
36. Have you found the keys? You have lost them
=> Have you found the keys which you have lost ?
37. I like the dress. Trang is wearing it
=> I like the dress which Trang is wearing
38. The fish is really delicious, we had it for dinner
=> The fish which we had for dinner is really delicious
39. We stay at the hotel. Peter recommended it
=> We stay at the hotel which Peter recommended
40. The church is 200 years old. Our class visited it
=> The church that our class visited is 200 years old
41. The film was interesting. I watch it on TV last night
=> The film that I watch on TV last night was interesting
Rewrite each of the sentences below in such a way that its meaning is similar to that of the original one, using the word given in brackets. Do not change this word in anyway.
1. Mr and Mrs smith never agree on how to bring up their children. (Eye) -> Mr and Mrs. Smith never see eye to eye with each other about how to bring up their children.
2. The stories he tells about his school days are unbelievable. (Beyond) -> The stories he tells about his school days are beyond belief.
3. His father is certainly not going to give him any more money. ( Question) -> There is no question of his father giving him any more money.
4. George persuaded me not to sell my house. (Out) -> George talked me out of selling my house.
5. I hope you will enjoy yourself while you stay with Janet's family. (During) -> I hope you will enjoy yourself during your stay with Janet's family.
6. "Please, please don't take my money", said the old woman to the intruder. ( Pleaded ) -> The old woman pleaded with the intruder not to take her money.
7. I read a newspaper article last year which was very similar to this one. (Bears) -> This newspaper article bears a strong resemblance to the one I read last year
8. There's not enough room for us. Nor is there any room for any guests. (Let alone) -> There's not enough room for us, let alone any guests.
9. Your examination results will determine whether or not you get into Tran Phu School. ( On) -> Your entry to university will depend on your examination results.
10. She was very relieved to know that her son was out of danger. ( Breathed ) -> She breathed a sigh of relief when she knew that her son was out of danger.
giups minh voi !!