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1) Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + \(2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(ac+bd\le\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Nếu : ac + bd < 0 : BĐT luôn đúng
Nếu : ac + bd \(\ge\) 0 : Thì (1) tương đương
( ac + bd )2 \(\le\) ( a2 + b2 )( c2 + d2 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2+2abcd\le\left(ac\right)^2+\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2-2abcd\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) , luôn đúng , vậy bài toán được chứng minh
2) Chọn :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\cos x.\cos y\\c=2\sin x.\sin y\\b=d=\sin\left(x-y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ câu 1) ta có :
\(\sqrt{4\cos^2x.\cos^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}+\sqrt{4\sin^2x.\sin^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(2\cos x.\cos y+2\sin x.\sin y\right)^2+\left(2\sin\left(x-y\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{4\cos^2\left(x-y\right)+4\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}=2\)
\(P=\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)+9}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{51-6\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{\left(1+2\right)\left[6\left(x+y\right)+9+51-6\left(x+y\right)\right]}=6\sqrt{5}\)
\(P_{max}=6\sqrt{5}\) khi \(x+y=\frac{11}{6}\)
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\(x^2+y^2-2x-4y-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=9=0^2+3^2=0^2+\left(-3\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=3\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=-3\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\le x\le4\left(y\in R\right)\)
Ta có \(S=3x+4y\)
Mà \(x\ge-2;y\ge-1\Leftrightarrow S\ge3\cdot\left(-2\right)+4\cdot\left(-1\right)=-6-4=-10\)
Vậy GTNN của S là \(-10\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
ĐKĐB $\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-4y+4)-9=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+(y-2)^2-9=0$
$\Rightarrow (x-1)^2=9-(y-2)^2\leq 9$
$\Rightarrow -3\leq x-1\leq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow -2\leq x\leq 4$
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Đặt $x-1=a; y-2=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b$ thực thỏa mãn $a^2+b^2=9$
Tìm min $S=3a+4b+11$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(3a+4b)^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(3^2+4^2)=9.25$
$\Rightarrow -15\leq 3a+4b\leq 15$
$\Rightarrow 3a+4b\geq -15$
$\Rightarrow S=3a+4b+11\geq -4$
Vậy $S_{\min}=-4$ khi $x=\frac{-4}{5}; y=\frac{-1}{5}$