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2. Ta có: mKOH 20% = \(\frac{200.20}{100}\) = 40g
mKOH 10% = mKOH 20% = 40g
=>mdd KOH 10% = \(\frac{40.100}{10}\) = 400g
=> mH2O = 400 - 200 =200g
a) Theo đề bài ta có :
mdd = mct + mdm = 5+45 = 50 (g)
=> C%ddNaCl=\(\dfrac{mct}{m\text{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{5}{50}.100\%=10\%\)
b) Theo đề bài ta có :
mdd=mct+mdm=2,3 + 15 = 17,3 (g)
=> C%dd=\(\dfrac{2,3}{17,5}.100\%\approx13,143\%\)
c) Theo đề bài ta có:
mdd=mct+mdm=50+100=150(g)
=> C%=\(\dfrac{50}{150}.100\%\approx33,33\%\)
d) Theo đề bài ta có :
Khối lượng của chất tan có trong dung dịch sau khi trộn là :
mct=\(\left(\dfrac{40.10\%}{100\%}\right)+\left(\dfrac{50.20\%}{100\%}\right)=14\left(g\right)\)
Khối lượng dung dịch sau khi trộn là :
mdd3 = mdd1 + mdd2 = 40+50 = 90 (g)
=> C%=\(\dfrac{14}{90}.100\%\approx15,56\%\)
a, mdd=5+45=50g
Nồng đọ phần trăm dung dịch là:
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{5}{50}.100\%=10\%\)
b, mdd=2,3+15=17,3g
Nồng độ phần trăm dung dịch là:
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{2,3}{17,3}.100\%\approx13\%\)
c,mct=100-50=50g
Nồng độ phần trăm dung dịch là:
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{50}{100}.100\%=50\%\)
d,
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}+2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,3\cdot40=12\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{Na_2O}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=110,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{110,7}\cdot100\%\approx10,84\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2.3}{23}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH\left(10\%\right)}=100\cdot10\%=10\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(10\%\right)}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.1......................0.1..........0.05\)
\(\sum n_{NaOH}=0.25+0.1=0.35\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.35\cdot40=14\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=2.3+100-0.05\cdot2=102.2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{14}{102.2}\cdot100\%=13.7\%\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{102.2}{1.05}=97.33\left(ml\right)=0.0973\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0.35}{0.0973}=3.6\left(M\right)\)
a) pthh: 2Na + 2H2O => 2NaOH + H2 (1)
Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH (2)
Sau khi xảy ra phản ứng sẽ sinh ra NaOH, vậy dd Y là dd NaOH
b) nH2 = 1.12/22.4 = 0.05 (mol)
theo pthh (1): nNa= nNaOH = 2nH2 = 2 x 0.05 = 0.1 (mol)
⇒ mNa phản ứng= mNa trong hh X = 0.1 x 23 = 2.3 g
mNa2O trong hh Y= 8.5 - 2.3 = 6.2g
c) mdd Y= mdd sau pứ= mhhX + mH2O - mH2 = 8.5 +200 -1.12=207.38g
nNa2O pứ = 6.2/62 = 0.1 (mol)
theo pthh (2): nNaOH = nNa2O pứ = 0.1 (mol)
nNaOH được sinh ra sau phản ứng = 0.1 +0.1 = 0.2 (mol)
mNaOH = 0.2 x 40 = 8g
Ta có C% =\(\dfrac{mct}{mdd}\times100\%\)
⇒ C%dd NaOH = \(\dfrac{8}{207.38}\times100\%\) = 3.86%
a) 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2
Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
ddY: NaOH
b) nH2 = 1.12/22.4 = 0.05mol
2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2
(mol) 0.1 0.1 0.05
mNa = 0.1*23=2.3g
mNa2O = mhh - mNa = 8.5-2.3=6.2g
c)mH2 = 0.05*2=0.1g
mddY = mhh + mH2O - mH2
= 8.5 + 200 - 0.1= 208.4g
nNa2O = 6.2/62=0.1mol
Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
(mol) 0.1 0.2
nNaOH = 0.2+ 0.1 = 0.3mol
mNaOH = 0.3*40=12g
C% = 12/208.4*100%=5.76%
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{13,8}{23}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,6 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=13,8+286,8-\left(0,3.2\right)=300\left(g\right)\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,6.40}{300}.100\%=8\%\)
\(n_{Na}\) = \(\dfrac{13,8}{23}\) = 0,6 mol
Theo PTHH:
a) \(2Na+2H_2O\underrightarrow{t^o}2NaOH+H_2\)
2 2 2 1 (mol)
0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,3 (mol)
b) \(V_{H_2}\) = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72l
c) \(m_{dd}\) = 13,8 + 286,8 - 0,3.2 = 300g
\(C\%\) = \(\dfrac{0,6.40}{300}\).100% = 8%
Câu 1:
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{C\%\cdot m_{d^2}}{100}=\dfrac{16,96\cdot100}{100}=16,96\left(g\right)\\ m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{C\%\cdot m_{d^2}}{100}=\dfrac{10,4\cdot200}{100}=20,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,96}{106}=0,16\left(mol\right)\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{BaCO_3}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot197=19,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{d^2\text{ }sau\text{ }pứ}=\left(m_{d^2\text{ }Na_2CO_3}+m_{d^2\text{ }BaCl_2}\right)-m_{BaCO_3}\\ =\left(100+200\right)-19,7=280,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3\left(dư\right)}=n\cdot M=0,06\cdot106=6,36\left(g\right)\\ m_{NaCl}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%\left(Na_2CO_3\left(dư\right)\right)=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{d^2}}\cdot100=\dfrac{6,36}{280,3}\cdot100=2,27\%\\ C\%\left(NaCl\right)=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{d^2}}\cdot100=\dfrac{11,7}{280,3}\cdot100=4,17\%\)
Câu 2:
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{C\%\cdot m_{d^2}}{100}=\dfrac{150\cdot2,65}{100}=3,975\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{3,975}{36,5}=0,11\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,11}{2}=0,054\left(M\right)\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{NaOH}=C_M\cdot V=2\cdot1=2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{d^2\text{ }NaOH}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{2}{0,1}=20\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2O}=20-2=18\left(l\right)\)
nNaNa=48/115 mol
nNa2ONa2O=0,15 mol
Bảo toàn NaNa nNaOHNaOH=48/115+0,15.2=33/46 mol
=>mNaOHNaOH=660/23 gam
nH2H2=0,5nNaNa=24/115 mol
mdd sau pứ=9,6+9,3+100-48/115=118,4826 gam
C%dd NaOHNaOH=(660/23)/118,4826.100%=24,22%