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Giả sử có 100g đá
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{100.80}{100}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{80}{100}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol CaCO3 phân hủy
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
a-------------->a--->a
=> mY = 100 - 44a (g)
=> mCaO = 56a (g)
=> \(\dfrac{56a}{100-44a}.100\%=45,65\%\)
=> a = 0,6 (mol)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,6}{0,8}.100\%=75\%\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=90\%.400=360\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
3,6 ----------> 3,6 -----> 3,6
\(\rightarrow n_{CaO}=3,6.75\%=2,7\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CaCO_3\left(chưa.pư\right)}=3,6-2,7=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_X=0,9.100+2,7.56=241,2\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CaO}=\dfrac{0,9.100}{241,2}=37,31\%\)
\(V_Y=V_{CO_2}=3,6.75\%.22,4=60,48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{400\cdot90\%}{100\%}=360g\Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3,6mol\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)
3,6 3,6 3,6
Thực tế: \(n_{CaO}=3,6\cdot75\%=2,7mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO}=2,7\cdot56=151,2g\)
1)
1,2 tấn = 1200(kg)
5 tạ = 500(kg)
\(m_{CaCO_3} = 1200.80\% = 960(kg)\)
\(CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2\\ n_{CaCO_3\ pư} = n_{CaO} = \dfrac{500}{56}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow H = \dfrac{\dfrac{500}{56}.100}{960}.100\% = 93\%\)
1 (H)= 93,11%
2 (H)=88.08%
m cao=1.064(tấn)
==> m cr = 1.065(tấn)
%m cao = 56%
to
a)mCaCO3=500.80%=400(g) -> nCaCO3=400/100=4(mol)
PTHH: CaCO3 -to-> CaO + H2O
nCaO(LT)=nCaCO3=4(mol)
=> nCaO(TT)=4. 70%=2,8(mol)
=>mX=mCaO+ m(trơ)+ mCaCO3(chưa p.ứ)=2,8.56+100+ 1,2.100=376,8(g)
b) %mCaO= (156,8/376,8).100=41,614%
\(1)PTHH:CaCO_3\xrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\uparrow\\ n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{500.95\%}{100}=4,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaO}=4,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO}=4,75.56=266(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO(tt)}=266.80\%=212,8(g)\\ m_{CaCO_3(k p/ứ)}=500.95\%.20\%=95(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_A=95+212,8=307,8(g)\\ 2)\%m_{CaO}=\dfrac{212,8}{307,8}.100\%=69,136\%\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CaO}=4,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=4,75.22,4=106,4(l)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=400\cdot90\%=360\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{trơ}=400-360=40\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(n_{CaCO_3\left(pư\right)}=3.6\cdot75\%=2.7\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CaO+CO_2\)
\(2.7........2.7...........2.7\)
\(m_X=m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3\left(dư\right)}+m_{trơ}=2.7\cdot56+\left(3.6-2.7\right)\cdot100+40=281.2\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(\%CaO=\dfrac{2.7\cdot56}{281.2}\cdot100\%=53.77\%\)
\(V_{CO_2}=2.7\cdot22.4=60.48\left(l\right)\)
mrắn (sau khi nung) = \(\dfrac{300.78}{100}=234\left(g\right)\)
=> mCO2 = 300 - 234 = 66 (g)
=> \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{66}{44}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
mCaCO3(bđ) = 300.80% = 240 (g)
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
1,5<-----------------1,5
=> \(H\%=\dfrac{1,5.100}{240}.100\%=62,5\%\)
1) \(m_{CO_2}=m_{rắn\left(trcpư\right)}-m_{rắn\left(saupư\right)}=100-64,8=35,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{35,2}{44}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\)
2)
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
0,8<---------0,8<---0,8
=> \(m_{CaCO_3\left(pư\right)}=0,8.100=80\left(g\right)\)
3)
\(m_{CaCO_3\left(bd\right)}=\dfrac{100.90}{100}=90\left(g\right)\)
=> Rắn sau pư chứa CaCO3, CaO, tạp chất
\(m_{tạp.chất}=100-90=10\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3\left(saupư\right)}=90-80=10\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaO}=0,8.56=44,8\left(g\right)\)
\(1,n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{90\%.100}{100}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CaO+CO_2\\ Đặt:n_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\left(a>0\right)\\ Ta.có:m_{rắn}=64,8\left(g\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow10+\left(90-100a\right)+56a=64,8\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CaO}=n_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ 2,m_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,8.100=80\left(g\right)\\ 3,Rắn.sau.nung:m_{tạp.chất}=10\%.100=10\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaO}=0,8.56=44,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaCO_3\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,9-0,8\right).100=10\left(g\right)\)