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PTHH: \(4FeS+7O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4SO_2\uparrow\)
\(2SO_2+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2SO_3\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{50.12,25\%}{98}=0,0625mol\)
Theo phương trình \(n_{SO_3}=n_{SO_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,0625mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{SO_2}=0,0625.64=4g\)
\(\rightarrow m_{SO_3}=0,0625.80=5g\)
Theo phương trình \(n_{FeS}=n_{SO_2}=0,0625mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeS}=0,0625.88=5,5g\)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=300.78,4\%=235,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{235,2}{98}=2,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Fe+6H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)
____0,5____1,5________0,25______0,75 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=2,4-1,5=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = mFe + m dd H2SO4 - mSO2
= 0,5.56 + 300 - 0,75.64 = 280 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,9.98}{280}.100\%=31,5\%\\C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,25.400}{280}.100\%\approx35,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
c)
CuO + H_2 \to Cu + H_2O$
$n_{CuO} = 0,125(mol) > n_{H_2} \to $ CuO$ dư
$n_{Cu} = n_{CuO\ pư} = n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{CuO\ dư} = 0,125 - 0,1 = 0,025(mol)$
$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,1.64}{0,1.64 + 0,025.80}.100\% = 76,2\%$
$\%m_{CuO} = 23,8\%$
)
Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2
nZnCl2=nZn=6,565=0,1(mol)nZnCl2=nZn=6,565=0,1(mol)
mZnCl2=0,1.136=13,6(gam)mZnCl2=0,1.136=13,6(gam)
b)
nHCl=2nZn=0,2(mol)⇒CMHCl=0,20,1=2MnHCl=2nZn=0,2(mol)⇒CMHCl=0,20,1=2M
c)
CuO + H_2 \to Cu + H_2O$
nCuO=0,125(mol)>nH2→nCuO=0,125(mol)>nH2→ CuO$ dư
nCu=nCuO pư=nH2=0,1(mol)nCu=nCuO pư=nH2=0,1(mol)
nCuO dư=0,125−0,1=0,025(mol)nCuO dư=0,125−0,1=0,025(mol)
%mCu=0,1.640,1.64+0,025.80.100%=76,2%%mCu=0,1.640,1.64+0,025.80.100%=76,2%
%mCuO=23,8%
nNaOH = 0,1.0,3 = 0,03 (mol)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaHSO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 126a + 104b = 2,3
Bảo toàn Na: 2a + b = 0,03
=> a = 0,01 (mol); b = 0,01 (mol)
Bảo toàn S: \(n_{SO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn Cu: nCu = 0,12 (mol)
=> a = 0,12.64 = 7,68 (g)
Bảo toàn S: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}+n_{SO_2}=0,12+0,02=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,14.98=13,72\left(g\right)\)
=> \(b=m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{13,72.100}{98}=14\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
BTKL: \(m_{Cu}+m_{O_2}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{CuSO_4}+m_{SO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
=> mO2 = 19,2 + 0,02.64 + 0,14.18 - 7,68 - 13,72 = 1,6 (g)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\)
Bài 3:
PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ
\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,07.0,5=0,035mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4:dư\\ V=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,02.22,4=0,672L\\ C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07}=0,071M\\ C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,07}=\dfrac{1}{7}\left(M\right)\\ CuO+H_2-t^{^0}->Cu+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=0,03mol\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6,4}{80}=0,08\Rightarrow CuO:dư\\ m_{rắn}=6,4-16.0,03=5,92g\)