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\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,644}{22,4}=0,61\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt n Fe = x (mol) =>\(m_{Fe}=56x\)
Vì m Fe = mMg => \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{56x}{24}=\dfrac{7}{3}x\)
nAl = y(mol)
=> 56x + 56x + 27y = 16,14 (1)
\(Fe\rightarrow Fe^{3+}+3e\) \(S^{+6}+2e\rightarrow S^{+4}\)
\(Mg\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+2e\)
\(Al\rightarrow Al^{3+}+3e\)
Bảo toàn e : 3x + \(\dfrac{7}{3}.2x\) + 3y = 0,61.2 (2)
Từ (1), (2) => x=0,12 ; y=0,1
=> mFe =mMg=0,12.56 = 6,72(g)
m Al = 0,1.27=2,7(g)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a ; n_{Mg} = b; n_{Al} = c$
Ta có :
$24b = 56a(1)$
$56a + 24b + 27c = 16,14(2)$
$n_{SO_2} = 0,61(mol)$
Bảo toàn electron : $3n_{Fe} + 2n_{Mg} + 3n_{Al} = 2n_{SO_2}$
$\Rightarrow 3a + 2b + 3c = 0,61.2(3)$
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra a = 0,12 ; b = 0,28 ; c = 0,1
$m_{Fe} = m_{Mg} = 0,12.56 = 6,72(gam)$
$m_{Al} = 0,1.27 = 2,7(gam)$
Bài 4:
a) nH2= 6,72/22,4= 0,3(mol)
Đặt:nMg= x(mol); nZn=y(mol) (x,y>0)
PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
x_______2x________x_____x(mol)
Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
y____2y____y________y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=15,4\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
mMg=0,1.24=2,4(g)
=>%mMg = (2,4/15,4).100=15,584%
=>%mZn= 84,416%
b) nHCl(tổng)= 0,6(mol)
=> VddHCl=0,6/1=0,6(l)
Chúc em học tốt!
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
tl1..........1................1.............1(mol)
br x.......x................x.............x(mol)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2\)
tl1............1...............1...........1(mol)
Br y...........y...............y...........y(mol)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Taco hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,05\\24x+64y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,045\\y=0,095\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=0,045.24:5.100\%=21,6\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-21,6\%=78,4\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{H\left(axit\right)}=n_{HCl}+2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2+0,2.2=0,6mol\)
\(\rightarrow\)\(n_{H\left(axit\right)}=0,6>2n_{H_2}=0,4\rightarrow\)axit dư
\(n_{Zn}=x;n_{Mg}=y\)
Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+24y=8,9\\x+y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra x=y=0,1
%Zn=\(\dfrac{65.0,1.100}{8,9}\approx73\%\)
%Mg=27%
a) \(Zn + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow ZnSO_4 + H_2\)
Cu không pư H2SO4 loãng
b)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}= 0,1 mol\)
Theo PTHH:
\(n_{Zn}= n_{H_2}= 0,1 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}= 0,1 . 65= 6,5 g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}= m_{hh KL} - m_{Zn}= 10 - 6,5 = 3,5 g\)
Gọi \(n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1
\(m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5g\)
\(m_{Cu}=10-6,4=3,6g\)
\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,55}{22,4}=\dfrac{151}{448}mol\\ n_{Mg}=n_{Zn}=a;n_{Fe}=c\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ a.....a\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ a.....a\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ b.....b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+65a+56b=16\\2a+b=\dfrac{151}{448}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,125;b=\dfrac{39}{448}\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,125}{16}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{65.0,125}{16}\cdot100=50,78\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-18,75-50,78=30,47\%\\ b)V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,125.2+\dfrac{39}{448}}{1}\approx0,337l\)