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\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)
\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\).
PT đã cho tương đương:
\(\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x+1}}=x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x=4\left(TMĐK\right)\\\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x+1}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\).
Ta có \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x-3+x+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=3-3x\).
Do đó 3 - 3x \(\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\le1\) (trái với đkxđ).
Suy ra (1) vô nghiệm.
Vậy ncpt là x = 4.
\(ĐK:-3\le x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow11-x-4\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{3-2x}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3-4\sqrt{x+3}+4\right)+\left(3-2x-2\sqrt{3-2x}+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3-2x}-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{3-2x}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=2\\3-2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)
\(\sqrt{x^{ }2-6x+9}=4-x\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^{ }2}=4-x\)
x-3=4-x
x+x=4+3
2x=7
x=\(\dfrac{7}{2}\)
Lời giải:
a.
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 4-x\geq 0\\ x^2-6x+9=(4-x)^2=x^2-8x+16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 4\\ 2x=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{2}\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{3}{2}$
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(2x-3)+2\sqrt{2x-3}+1}+\sqrt{(2x-3)+8\sqrt{2x-3}+16}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{2x-3}+1)^2}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{2x-3}+4)^2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow |\sqrt{2x-3}+1|+|\sqrt{2x-3}+4|=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x-3}+1+\sqrt{2x-3}+4=2\sqrt{2x-3}+5=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x-3}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
PT: \(\sqrt{x+3}x^4=2x^4-2008x+2008\)
DK xác định : \(x+3\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge-3\)(**)
PT đã cho tương đương:
\(x^4\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)+2008x=2008\)(***)
Nếu :\(x>1\) thì \(x+3>4\Rightarrow x^4\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)+2008x>2008\)
Nếu \(-3\le x\le1\)thì\(0\le x+3< 4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+3}-2< 0\)và \(x^4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)\le0\) Mặt khác : \(2008x< 2008\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4\left(\sqrt{x+3}-2\right)+2008x< 2008\)
* \(x=1\) thỏa mãn (***)
Vậy (***) có nghiệm duy nhất x= 1
KL: Nghiệm của pt đã cho là : x = 1