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\(\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2-x+2}+\dfrac{3}{x^2-x+3}+...+\dfrac{2018}{x^2-x+2018}=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+1}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{x^2-x+2}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{x^2-x+3}-1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{2018}{x^2-x+2018}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-x^2+x-1}{x^2-x+1}+\dfrac{2-x^2+x-2}{x^2-x+2}+\dfrac{3-x^2+x-3}{x^2-x+3}+...+\dfrac{2018-x^2+x-2018}{x^2-x+2018}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x^2-x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+3}+...+\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+2018}\right)=0\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+2}+...+\dfrac{1}{x^2-x+2018}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(ĐK:x\ne3;x\ne2\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{x-3}\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}+1+\dfrac{x^2}{x-2}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x-3}=0\\\dfrac{x^2+x+2}{x-2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\\x^2+x+2=0\left(vô.n_0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
a)
\(A=\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2017}=\frac{2018-2017}{\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}}> \frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}}=\frac{2019-2018}{\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}}=\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}=B\)
Vậy $A> B$
b)
\(x+\frac{1}{x}=3\Rightarrow (x+\frac{1}{x})^2=9\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+2=9\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=7\)
\(x^3+\frac{1}{x^3}=(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2})(x+\frac{1}{x})-(x+\frac{1}{x})=7.3-3=18\)
Do đó:
\(D=x^5+\frac{1}{x^5}=(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2})(x^3+\frac{1}{x^3})-(x+\frac{1}{x})=7.18-3=123\)
\(\text{a) }\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\\ =\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{yz}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{yz}\right)}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{x+y+z}{xyz}}\\ =\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|\)
\(\text{b) }\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}}+...+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{2017^2}+\dfrac{1}{2018^2}}\\ =1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+1+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\\ =2016+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\\ =\dfrac{2034698}{1009}\)
PT 2
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{2x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=0\) ( \(x\ne1;x\ne2;x\ne3\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3+2x^2-2x-x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-3x+6=0\)
=> PT vô nghiệm.
Ta có \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}-2}-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{3}+2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}+2}{\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{3}+2\right)}-\dfrac{3\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{3}+2\right)}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{12-4}-\dfrac{2\left(3\sqrt{3}-3\right)}{12-4}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{4}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}-3}{4}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1-3\sqrt{3}+3}{4}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{4}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{4}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{2}=\dfrac{\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\Leftrightarrow2x=\sqrt{3}-1\Leftrightarrow2x+1=\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2=3\Leftrightarrow4x^2+4x-2=0\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-1=0\)
Ta lại có \(P=\dfrac{4\left(x+1\right)x^{2018}-2x^{2017}+2x+1}{2x^2+3x}=\dfrac{2x^{2017}\left[2\left(x+1\right)x-1\right]+\sqrt{3}}{2x^2+2x-1+x+1}=\dfrac{2x^{2017}\left[2x^2+2x-1\right]+\sqrt{3}}{x+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{x+1}=\sqrt{3}:\left(x+1\right)=\sqrt{3}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}+1\right)=\sqrt{3}:\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{3-1}=\dfrac{2\left(3-\sqrt{3}\right)}{2}=3-\sqrt{3}\)Vậy khi \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}-2}-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{3}+2}}\) thì P=\(3-\sqrt{3}\)