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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y}}\left(1\right)\\2x-\sqrt{xy}-1=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) đk : x>=; y>=0
Ta có (1) <=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\\sqrt{xy}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) với x=y, thay vào (2) ta có:
\(2x-\sqrt{x^2}-1=0\)
<=> 2x- x-1=0(do x>0)
<=> x=1 => y =1(t/m)
+) với \(\sqrt{xy}=3\) thay vào (2) ta có :
2x - 3-1 =0
<=> x= 2 (tm) => y = 9/2
Vậy hệ có nghiệm (x;y) là (1;1), (2;\(\dfrac{9}{2}\) )
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\y\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\2\sqrt{x-2}-3\sqrt{y-3}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\5\sqrt{x-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\\sqrt{x-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{4x}{x+1}-\dfrac{10}{y+4}=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{19x}{x+1}=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+1}=\dfrac{28}{19}\\\dfrac{1}{y+4}=-\dfrac{4}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}19x=28x+28\\4y+16=-19\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{28}{9}\\y=-\dfrac{35}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}x-y=3\\x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2}x-y=3\\\sqrt{2}x+2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3y=1\\x+\sqrt{2}y=\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{3}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-2y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\2x+\dfrac{y}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-8y=3\\2x+\dfrac{1}{3}y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{25}{3}y=\dfrac{10}{3}\\2x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\\2x=3+8y=3+8\cdot\dfrac{-2}{5}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{10}\\y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{10}\\y=-\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-3y}{4}-\dfrac{x+y-1}{5}=2x-y-1\\\dfrac{x+y-1}{3}+\dfrac{4x-y-2}{4}=\dfrac{2x-y-3}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5\left(2x-3y\right)}{20}-\dfrac{4\left(x+y-1\right)}{20}=\dfrac{20\left(2x-y-1\right)}{20}\\\dfrac{4\left(x+y-1\right)}{12}+\dfrac{3\left(4x-y-2\right)}{12}=\dfrac{2\left(2x-y-3\right)}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-15y-4x-4y+4=40x-20y-20\\4x+4y-4+12x-3y-6=4x-2y-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-19y+4-40x+20y+20=0\\16x+y-10-4x+2y+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-34x+y=-24\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-102x+3y=-72\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-114x=-76\\12x+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\12\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}+3y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\3y=4-8=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{xy+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}}+\sqrt{x}=y+\sqrt{y}\left(1\right)\\\left|x-1\right|+\left|y-2\right|=1+x^2-y^2\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\y\ge0\\xy+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{xy+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}}-y=\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y\left(x-y\right)+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}}{\sqrt{xy+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}}+y}=\dfrac{x-y}{-xy}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left[\dfrac{y+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+1}}{\sqrt{xy+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+y^2+1}}+y}+xy\right]=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\).
Thay x = y vào (2) ta có \(\left|y-1\right|+\left|y-2\right|=1\). (*)
Ta có \(\left|y-1\right|+\left|y-2\right|=\left|y-1\right|+\left|2-y\right|\ge y-1+2-y=1\).
Mà đẳng thức xảy ra ở (1) nên ta phải có \(1\le y\le2\). (TMĐK)
Vậy pt đã cho có vô số nghiệm \(x=y=k\) với \(1\le k\le2\)
Sao VP (1) bạn biến đổi từ \(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\) ra \(\dfrac{x-y}{-xy}\) được vậy?
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)^2-3\left(2x-y\right)=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x-y-3\right)=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-3=0\\x+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}>0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}}=t>0\) pt đầu trở thành:
\(t+\dfrac{1}{t}=2\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{2x-y}{x+y}}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-y=x+y\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)
Thay xuống pt dưới:
\(6y+y=14\Rightarrow y=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=4\)
b) Xét phương trình 2 có
(1-x2 )/(1+xy)2 - (x+y)2 - y2 =1
=>(1-x2)/1+2xy+x2y2-x2-2xy-y2 -y2=1
=>(1-x2) /(1-x2 )-y2(1-x2) -y2 =1
=>(1-x2)/(1-x2)(1-y2) -y2=1
=>1/(1-y2) -y2=1
=>1=(1-y2)2
=>1=1-2y2+y4
=>y4-2y2=0
=>y2(y2-2)=0
=>y=0
y2-2=0
=> y=+√2
=> y=-√2
Thay y vào phương trình 1 là ra x
à nhầm ... sửa lại dòng 6
=> 1/(1-y2) - y2=1
=> 1/(1-y2)=1+y2
=> 1=1-y4
=> y=0
=>x=3
=> x=-3
Lời giải:
ĐK: $x,y>0$
PT$(2)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}-x=y+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}>0$
$\Rightarrow 1-x\sqrt{x}>1\Rightarrow 1>x$
Quay lại PT $(1)$:
$2x^2=xy+1$
Nếu $y\geq x$ thì: $2x^2=xy+1\geq x^2+1\Leftrightarrow x^2\geq 1\Rightarrow x\geq 1$ (vô lý vì $x<1$)
$\Rightarrow 0<y<x$
Khi đóTại PT$(2)$: $x+y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}<0$ (vô lý vì $x,y>0$)
Vậy HPT vô nghiệm