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Bài 11:
\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\rightarrow2ACl\\TheoĐLBTKL:\\ m_A+m_{Cl_2}=m_{ACl}\\ \Leftrightarrow 9,2+m_{Cl_2}=23,4\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cl_2}=23,4-9,2=14,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{14,2}{71}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ M_A=\dfrac{9,2}{0,4}=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(I\right):Natri\left(Na=23\right)\)
Câu 7:
a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\\\%m_{CuO}=44\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{10-0,1.56}{80}=0,055\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}+n_{CuO}=0,155\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,155.98}{100}.100\%=15,19\%\)
d, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,055\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuSO_4}=0,055.160=8,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 8:
a, \(CuCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuCO_3}=\dfrac{0,15.124}{20}.100\%=93\%\\\%m_{CuCl_2}=7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
43.a) \(m_{HCl\left(bđ\right)}=200.10,95\%=21,9\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
b) HCl phản ứng với NaOH là HCl dư
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=n_{HCl\left(bđ\right)}-n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
c) \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
d) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
e) \(m_{ddsaupu}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\)
Dung dịch A gồm CaCl2 và HCl dư
\(n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.111}{214}.100=12,97\%\)
\(C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100=1,71\%\)
Câu 4:
a) nC2H6O=0,3(mol)
PTHH: C2H6O + 3 O2 -to-> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
0,3___________0,9_____0,6(mol)
=>V(CO2,đktc)=0,6 x 22,4= 13,44(l)
b) V(kk,dktc)=V(O2,dktc) . 100/20 = (0,9.22,4).5=100,8(l)
Câu 5:
C2H6O + 3 O2 -to-> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
nH2O=0,9(mol)
=> nCO2= 2/3. 0,9=0,6(mol)
a) V(CO2,đktc)=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)
b) Vkk=5.V(O2,dktc)= 5.(0,9.22,4)= 100,8(l)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CO2 + CaO → CaCO3
Mol: 0,1 0,1
b) \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
a)
4Na + O2 ---to→ 2Na2O
Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O
Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 → 2NaOH + CaCO3
CaCO3 ---to→ CaO + CO2
CO2 + NaOH → NaHCO3
NaHCO3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
Na2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 → 2NaOH + BaSO4
b)
S + O2 ---to→ SO2
2SO2 + O2 ---to(V2O5)→ 2SO3
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4
H2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 → CuSO4 + 2H2O
CuSO4 + FeCl2 → CuCl2 + FeSO4
FeSO4 + 2NaOH → Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Fe(OH)2 + 2HCl → FeCl2 + 2H2O
2FeCl2 + Cl2 → 2FeCl3
2FeCl3 + 3Ba(OH)2 → 2Fe(OH)3 + 3BaCl2
2Fe(OH)3 ---to→ Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O