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\(\text{c) }sin3x-\sqrt{3}cos3x=2cos5x\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}sin3x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos3x=cos5x\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sin3x-cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cos3x=cos5x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=-cos5x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=cos\left(\pi-5x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\pi-5x+m2\pi\\3x+\frac{\pi}{6}=5x-\pi+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5\pi}{48}+\frac{m\pi}{4}\\x=\frac{7\pi}{12}-n\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d\text{) }sinx\left(sinx+2cosx\right)=2\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^2x+\left(sinx-cosx\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow cosx=sinx=0\left(VN\right)\)
\(e\text{) }\sqrt{3}\left(sin2x+cos7x\right)=sin7x-cos2x\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}sin2x+cos2x=sin7x-\sqrt{3}cos7x\\ \Leftrightarrow sin2x\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+cos2x\cdot\frac{1}{2}=sin7x\cdot\frac{1}{2}-cos7x\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin2x\cdot cos\frac{\pi}{3}+cos2x\cdot sin\frac{\pi}{3}=sin7x\cdot cos\frac{\pi}{3}-cos7x\cdot sin\frac{\pi}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(7x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=7x-\frac{\pi}{3}+m2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{4\pi}{3}-7x+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-m2\pi}{5}\\x=\frac{5\pi}{27}+\frac{n2\pi}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{a) }\sqrt{3}sin2x-cos2x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x-\frac{1}{2}cos2x=-\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot cos2x-sin\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot sin2x=\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\frac{\pi}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{3}+m2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=-\frac{\pi}{3}+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+m\pi\\x=n\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{b) }pt\Leftrightarrow sin4x=\frac{1-4cosx}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin^24x+cos^24x=\left(\frac{1-cos4x}{3}\right)^2+cos^24x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=1\\cos4x=-\frac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=1\\cos4x=-\frac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\frac{arccos\left(-\frac{4}{5}\right)}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chọn D
Ta sẽ biến đổi phương trình thành dạng tích
Chú ý: có thể dùng 4 đáp án thay vào phương trình để kiểm tra đâu là nghiệm
1.
\(sinx-\sqrt{2}cos3x=\sqrt{3}cosx+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=\sqrt{2}cos3x+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}cos3x+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi;x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
2.
\(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=2sin5\text{}x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=5x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-5x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2};x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\)
\(sin3x-sinx+sin2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos2x.sinx+2sinx.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(cos2x+cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cos\frac{3x}{2}.cos\frac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\cos\frac{x}{2}=0\\cos\frac{3x}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{3x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(cosx+cos3x+cos2x+cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos2x.cosx+2cos3x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cos2x+cos3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx.cos\frac{5x}{2}.cos\frac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cos\frac{x}{2}=0\\cos\frac{5x}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{5x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{5}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(cosx+cos3x+cos2x+cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos2x.cosx+2cos3x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx.\left(cos2x+cos3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx.cos\frac{5x}{2}.cos\frac{x}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cos\frac{5x}{2}=0\\cos\frac{x}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{5x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{5}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\\x=\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(sinx+sin7x+sin3x+sin5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin4x.cos3x+2sin4x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin4x\left(cos3x+cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin4x.cos2x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin4x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x=k\pi\Rightarrow x=\frac{k\pi}{4}\)
Lý do chỉ cần 1 pt sin4x=0 do sin4x bao hàm cả cosx và cos2x ở trong đó