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Để A nguyên thì \(2\sqrt{x}+3⋮3\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\sqrt{x}+9⋮3\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-1;1;11\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;12\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;16\right\}\)
Để biểu thức nguyên thì \(3⋮\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\)
hay x=1
\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\in Z< =>\sqrt{x}+2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
mà \(x>0=>\sqrt{x}+2>2\) nên \(\sqrt{x}+2=\left\{3\right\}=>x=1\left(tm\right)\)
Vaayy.....
Để biểu thức \(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\) nguyên thì \(3⋮\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\)
hay x=1
Để B có nghĩa thì x ≥ 0 và x ≠ 1
\(B=\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) nguyên khi \(\sqrt{x}-1\) thuộc ước của 5
⇒ \(\sqrt{x}-1\) ∈ \(\left\{1,-1,5,-5\right\}\)
\(TH1:\sqrt{x}-1=1\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(TH2:\sqrt{x}-1=-1\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(TH3:\sqrt{x}-1=5\Rightarrow x=36\)
\(TH4:\sqrt{x}-1=-5\Rightarrow x=-4\) (loại vì x ≥ 0)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0,4,36\right\}\)
\(ĐK:x\ge0;x\ne1\\ B\in Z\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-1;1;5\right\}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\ge-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2;6\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4;36\right\}\left(tm\right)\)
\(a,P=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-3-6\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1\right)\\ P=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ b,P=-1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1=-\sqrt{x}-1\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\\ c,P\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;2\right\}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=0\left(x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=0\)
\(d,P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}< 1\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}>0\right)\\ e,P=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ \sqrt{x}+1\ge1\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge-\dfrac{2}{1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow P=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge1-\left(-2\right)=3\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0,x\ne1\)
\(P=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-3-6\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b) \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{x}-1=\sqrt{x}-1\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\)
c) \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
Kết hợp đk:
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0\right\}\)
d) \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}< 1\)
e) \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
Do \(\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge1-2=-1\)
\(minP=-1\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
\(a,A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2+2\sqrt{x}+x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1;x\ne9\right)\\ A=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(b,A\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\\ Mà.x\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{2;4;8\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;16;64\right\}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\ne9\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2+2\sqrt{x}+x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Kết hợp đk
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;16;64\right\}\)
Bài 5:
\(C=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-2)+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}=2+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
Để $C$ nguyên nhỏ nhất thì $\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}$ là số nguyên nhỏ nhất.
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-2$ là ước nguyên âm lớn nhất
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-2=-1$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ (thỏa mãn đkxđ)
Bài 6:
$D(\sqrt{x}+1)=x-3$
$D^2(x+2\sqrt{x}+1)=(x-3)^2$
$2D^2\sqrt{x}=(x-3)^2-D^2(x+1)$ nguyên
Với $x$ nguyên ta suy ra $\Rightarrow D=0$ hoặc $\sqrt{x}$ nguyên
Với $D=0\Leftrightarrow x=3$ (tm)
Với $\sqrt{x}$ nguyên:
$D=\frac{(x-1)-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\sqrt{x}-1-\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}$
$D$ nguyên khi $\sqrt{x}+1$ là ước của $2$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}+1\in\left\{1;2\right\}$
$\Leftrightarrow x=0; 1$
Vì $x\neq 1$ nên $x=0$.
Vậy $x=0; 3$
\(B=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-4\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2+2\sqrt{x}+x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Để B nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{1;-1;5\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{4;2;8\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{16;4;64\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}=\dfrac{x+3-2}{x+3}=1-\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
\(Để.P\in Z\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x+3}\in Z\\ \Rightarrow x+3\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\\ \Rightarrow x\in\left\{-5;-4;-2;-1\right\}\)
x thuộc Ư của 2
x+3=2
x+3=-2
x+3=1
x+3=-1
=> x thuộc (-1,-2,-4,-5)