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4 Al + 3 O2 —> 2 Al2O3
0,4. 0,3
nAl= m/M = 10,8/27 = 0,4 mol
nO2 = 0,3 mới
mO2 = n×M = 0,3 × 32 = 9,6g
Vậy có 9,6g oxi tham gia phản ứng
Câu 1:
CaCl2; \(PTK_{CaCl_2}=40+35,5.2=111\left(đvC\right)\)
Na2O; \(PTK_{Na_2O}=23.2+16=62\left(đvC\right)\)
Al2S3; \(PTK_{Al_2S_3}=27.2+32.3=177\left(đvC\right)\)
Al(OH)3; \(PTK_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=27+\left(16+1\right).3=78\left(đvC\right)\)
Na2CO3; \(PTK_{Na_2CO_3}=23.2+12+16.3=106\left(đvC\right)\)
Na3PO4; \(PTK_{Na_2PO_4}=23.2+31+16.4=141\left(đvC\right)\)
Al2O3; \(PTK_{Al_2O_3}=27.2+16.3=102\left(đvC\right)\)
Zn(NO3)2; \(PTK_{Zn\left(NO_3\right)_2}=65+\left(14+16.3\right).2=189\left(đvC\right)\)
K2SO4; \(PTK_{K_2SO_4}=39.2+32+16.4=174\left(đvC\right)\)
Câu 2:
Sai:
- K(SO4)2: K2SO4
- CuO3: CuO
- Zn(OH)3: Zn(OH)2
Bài 5
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{6}\) => Al dư, HCl hết
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
\(\dfrac{1}{12}\)<----0,5------->\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)----->0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=10,2-\dfrac{1}{12}.102=1,7\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 6
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,1<-------------0,1<----0,1
=> \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)< 0,2\)
=> Mg dư => HCl hết
b) \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al_2O_3-^{đpnccriolit}\rightarrow4Al+3O_2\)
TPT: 204------------------------108----96 (tấn)
TĐB: ?<------------------------1000(tấn)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1000.204}{108}=1888,89\left(tấn\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=9,52m^3=9520l\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{9520}{22,4}=425mol\)
\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)
425 425 425 ( mol )
\(m_{CO_2}=n_{CO_2}.M_{CO_2}=425.44=18700g\)
\(m_C=n_C.M_C=425.12=5100g\)
\(m_{than}=\dfrac{5100.100}{\left(100-25\right)}=6800g\)
Đổi 9,52m3 = 9520 lít
nO2 = 9520/22,4 = 425 (mol)
PTHH: C + O2 -> (t°) CO2
Mol: 425 <--- 425 ---> 425
mCO2 = 425 . 44 = 18700 (g)
mC = 425 . 12 = 5100 (g)
m = 5100 : (100% - 25%) = 6800 (g)
Câu 4:
a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
\(4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^O}2K_2O\)
b, \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
c, \(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
Bài 6 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,1 0,1
a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
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