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\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)( 1 )
Lại có : ad < bc
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
+) \(ad+ab< bc+ab\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)( 1 )
+) \(ad+cd< bc+cd\Leftrightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\)
Vì \(b,d>0\Rightarrow bd>0\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
Ta lại có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a\left(b+d\right)}{b\left(b+d\right)}=\frac{ab+ad}{b\left(b+d\right)}\)
\(\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+d\right)}=\frac{ab+bc}{b\left(b+d\right)}\)
Vì \(b,d>0\)
Nên \(b\left(b+d\right)>0\)và \(d\left(b+d\right)>0\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(ad< bc\Leftrightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\)và \(\left(2\right)\)ta có: \(\frac{ab+ad}{b\left(b+d\right)}>\frac{ab+bc}{b\left(b+d\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(\cdot\right)\)
Ta lại có:
\(\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{d\left(a+c\right)}{d\left(b+d\right)}=\frac{ad+cd}{d\left(b+d\right)}\)
\(\frac{c}{d}=\frac{c\left(b+d\right)}{d\left(b+d\right)}=\frac{bc+cd}{d\left(b+d\right)}\)
Mà \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\)và \(\left(3\right)\)ta có:
\(\frac{ad+cd}{d\left(b+d\right)}< \frac{bc+cd}{d\left(b+d\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(\cdot\cdot\right)\)
Từ \(\left(\cdot\right)\)và \(\left(\cdot\cdot\right)\)ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau có:
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)
ta có a+b/a-b=c+d/c-d
suy ra (a+b)(c-d)=(a-b)(c+d)
ac-ad+bc-bd=ac+ad-bc-bd
ac-ac+bc+bc-bd+bd=ad+ad
2bc=2ad
nen bc=ad=a/b=c/d
vay tu a/b=c/d ta co the suy ra a+b/a-b=c+d/c-d
a. Nếu : \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\times bd< \frac{c}{d}\times bd\left(\text{ do }bd>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\) vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
b. nếu \(ad< bc\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\) vậy ta có đpcm
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ad+ab< bc+ab\\ad+cd< bc+cd\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\\d\left(a+b\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\\\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}.\)
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}.\)
a/b<c/d
=>ad<bc
=>ad+ab<bc+ab
<=>a(b+d)<b(a+c)
=>a/b<a+c/b+d(1)
từ ad<bc
=>ad+cd<bc+cd
=>d(a+c)<c(b+d)
=>a+c/b+d<c/d (2)
từ 1 và 2 =>đpcm
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
\(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)d< \left(b+d\right)c\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)