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\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$M\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}.\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}=2\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2+1}{xy}}$
$=2\sqrt{xy+\frac{1}{xy}}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM tiếp:
$1\geq x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\leq \frac{1}{4}$
$xy+\frac{1}{xy}=(xy+\frac{1}{16xy})+\frac{15}{16xy}$
$\geq 2\sqrt{xy.\frac{1}{16xy}}+\frac{15}{16xy}$
$\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16}}+\frac{15}{16.\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{17}{4}$
$\Rightarrow M\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{17}{4}}=\sqrt{17}$
Vậy $M_{\min}=\sqrt{17}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
mình làm cho bạn 2 cách nha
Cách 1 )
ta có \(1\le y\le2\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y^2+1}\ge\frac{1}{2x+3}\)
ta có \(xy+2\ge2y\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{2\left(y-1\right)}{y}\ge0\)
ta có \(M=\frac{x^2+4}{y^2+1}=\left(x^2+4\right).\frac{1}{y^2+1}\ge\left(2x+3\right).\frac{1}{2x+3}=1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
zậy \(minM=\frac{x^2+4}{y^2+1}khi\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
cách 2)
ta có \(1\le y\le2;xy+2\ge2y\Leftrightarrow4xy+8\ge8y;4x^2+y^2+8\ge4xy+8\)
từ đó ta có
\(4\left(x^2+4\right)\ge-y^2+8+8y=4\left(y^2+1\right)+\left(5y+2\right)\left(2-y\right)\ge4\left(x^2+1\right)\Rightarrow M=1\)
zậy kết luận như cách 1
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz : \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=4\)
Lại có \(\dfrac{1}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{4xy}\ge\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=2\)
Cộng vế với vế được P \(\ge6\) ("=" khi x = y = 1/2)
Vậy Min P = 6 <=> x = y = 1/2
\(T=\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2}{zx+zy}+\dfrac{\left(yz\right)^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{\left(zx\right)^2}{yx+yz}\ge\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(y\ge xy+1\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\ge2\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(Q=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{\dfrac{y}{x}+\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\)
\(Q=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}-\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)\left(3a-1\right)}{4\left(a^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(Q_{min}=\dfrac{5}{4}\) khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(xy\ge2\left(y-1\right)\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge\dfrac{2\left(y-1\right)}{y}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{4\left(y-1\right)^2}{y^2}+4}{y^2+1}=4.\dfrac{\left(y-1\right)^2+y^2}{y^2\left(y^2+1\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{M}{4}\ge\dfrac{2y^2-2y+1}{y^4+y^2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{\left(2-y\right)\left(y^3+2y^2-3y+2\right)}{4\left(y^4+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(y=2;x=1\)