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ta có \(\left(ad-bc\right)^2+\left(ac+bd\right)^2=a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2\)
\(=a^2d^2+a^2c^2+b^2d^2+b^2c^2=a^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)+b^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
=> \(1+\left(ac+bd\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si ta có
\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(c^2+d^2\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}=2\sqrt{1+\left(ac+bd\right)^2}\)
=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ac+bd\ge2\sqrt{\left(ac+bd\right)^2+1}+ac+bd\)
đặt \(ac+bd=m\left(m\ge0\right)\)
=> \(S\ge m+2\sqrt{m^2+1}\)
ta cần chắng minh \(m+2\sqrt{m^2+1}\ge\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow m^2+4\left(m^2+1\right)+4m\sqrt{m^2+1}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+1+4m^2+4m\sqrt{m^2+1}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{m^2+1}+2m\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
=> \(S\ge\sqrt{3}\) (ĐPCM)
Bài 2:
a: \(BC=\sqrt{10^2+8^2}=2\sqrt{41}\left(cm\right)\)
\(AH=\dfrac{8\cdot10}{2\sqrt{41}}=\dfrac{40}{\sqrt{41}}\left(cm\right)\)
\(BH=\dfrac{64}{2\sqrt{41}}=\dfrac{32}{\sqrt{41}}\left(cm\right)\)
\(CH=\dfrac{100}{2\sqrt{41}}=\dfrac{50}{\sqrt{41}}\left(cm\right)\)
b: \(\dfrac{AD}{BD}=\dfrac{AH^2}{AB}:\dfrac{BH^2}{AB}=\dfrac{AH^2}{BH^2}\)
BĐT cần c/m tương đương:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{4+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
Dễ dàng chứng minh điều này bằng AM-GM:
\(a^3+a^3+1+b^3+b^3+1+c^3+c^3+1+d^3+d^3+1\ge3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)+4\ge12\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\ge4\) (1)
Lại có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+d\le4\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge16\ge4+3.4\ge4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)\) (đpcm)
Giải:
\(S=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ac+bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2-2ac+ac+2bd-bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=a^2-2ac+c^2+b^2+2bd+d^2+ac-bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2+2bd+d^2\right)-\left(ac-bd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S\ge-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}>1\right)\)
Vậy ...
\(1>=\left(x+y\right)^2>=\left(2\sqrt{xy}\right)^2=4xy\Rightarrow1>=4xy\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}>=2xy\)(bđt cosi)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\frac{1}{2xy}>=\frac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2>=\frac{4}{1^2}+2=4+2=6\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
vậy min \(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=6\)khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
trong sách
sách j vậy