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a) ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(M=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
b) \(x=\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\left|1-\sqrt{3}\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)
\(y=3-\sqrt{8}\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{3-\sqrt{8}}=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.1+1^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|=\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\)
a) \(B=\left(\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}{y-x}\right):\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\left(x,y\ge0;x\ne y\right)\)
\(B=\left[\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^3}{x-y}\right]:\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(B=\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\right]:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(B=\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right]:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2-x-\sqrt{xy}-y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(B=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x-\sqrt{xy}-y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
b) Xét tử:
\(\sqrt{xy}\ge0\forall x,y\) (xác định) (1)
Xét mẫu:
\(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\cdot\sqrt{x}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y\)
Mà: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\) (xác định), còn: \(\dfrac{3}{4}y\ge0\) vì theo đkxđ thì \(y\ge0\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ B luôn không âm với mọi x,y (\(B\ge0\)) (đpcm)
Ta có: \(A=\left(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{xy}\right):\left(x-y\right)+\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{x-y}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
=1
\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{Y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{XY}\right)+\left(\sqrt{X}-\sqrt{Y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{XY}\right)}{1-XY}\cdot\dfrac{1-XY}{1-XY+\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{Y}+2\sqrt{XY}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{X}+X\sqrt{Y}+\sqrt{Y}+Y\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{X}-X\sqrt{Y}-\sqrt{Y}+Y\sqrt{X}}{1-XY}\cdot\dfrac{1-XY}{XY+X+Y+1}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{X}\left(1+Y\right)}{\left(1+Y\right)\left(X+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{X}}{X+1}\)
b: Thay \(x=\dfrac{2}{2+\sqrt{3}}=2\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)=4-2\sqrt{3}\) vào P, ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{4-2\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-2}{5-2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{3}+2}{13}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{1}{y-x}+\dfrac{1}{x+2\sqrt{x}\sqrt{y}+y}\right)-2x\) (với \(x\ne y,x,y\ge0\))
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\right)-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}\right)-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\right)-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\right)-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}\cdot\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}\cdot\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\cdot2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}\cdot\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\cdot2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y-x\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-2x\)
\(P=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y-x\right)-2x\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2y\sqrt{x}-2x\sqrt{x}-2x\sqrt{x}+2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2y\sqrt{x}-4x\sqrt{x}+2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
@Arakawa White
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@Nguyễn Việt Lâm
@Nguyễn Huy Tú
giúp với ạ !
@Trần Trung Nguyên