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\(a+\dfrac{1}{a+1}=\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2+4a+4}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(a+1\right)^2}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+1\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{a}\)
Tương tự: \(b+\dfrac{1}{b+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{b}\) ; \(c+\dfrac{1}{c+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{c}\)
Nhân vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{27}{8}\sqrt{abc}\ge\dfrac{27}{8}\) (đpcm)
Tham khảo:
Cho abc=1CMR\(\dfrac{a+3}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b+3}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c+3}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge3\) - Hoc24
\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\Rightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(ab+ac\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(3-bc\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+3a-abc}=\dfrac{1}{3a+\left(1-abc\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{3a}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{3a}+\dfrac{1}{3b}+\dfrac{1}{3c}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\dfrac{3}{3abc}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)
\(1+\dfrac{9}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge1+\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{6}{a+b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)-a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}-a\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mặt khác áp dụng \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}\ge a+b+b+c+a+c=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c\) (đpcm)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau cho các số dương:
\(x^5+y^5\ge xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-x^4y+y^5-xy^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\) (đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{a^5+b^5}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a+b}=a^2-ab+b^2\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2-\left(ab+ca+ca\right)\)
\(VT\ge4-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\)
\(VT\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\) (đpcm)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\).
Khi đó: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc\ge ac+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}+1\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\\\dfrac{c}{a}+1\ge\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\le2+2\left(\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
Vì \(1\le c\le a\le2\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{c}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{2a}{c}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\le7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\le10\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=2;c=1\) và các hoán vị.
\(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right).64}}=\dfrac{3x}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}\ge\dfrac{3y}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}\ge\dfrac{3z}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
(bài này chắc thiếu đk xyz=1 ?nên mình bổ sung xyz=1)
( xyz=3)
Áp dụng BDDT AM-GM:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right).8.8}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3x}{4}\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}\ge\dfrac{3y}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}\ge\dfrac{3z}{4}\)
Cộng từng vế ta được:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{3+x+y+z}{4}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{3x+3y+3z-3-x-y-z}{4}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)-3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{2.\sqrt[3]{xyz}-3}{4}=\dfrac{2.3-3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(đfcm\right)\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{y}{x};\dfrac{z}{y};\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\)
BĐT trở thành:
\(\dfrac{y^2}{xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xy}+\dfrac{x^2}{yz}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{x}{z}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+3xyz\ge3x^2y+3y^2z+3z^2x\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schur ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\left(x^3+xy^2\right)+\left(y^3+yz^2\right)+\left(z^3+zx^2\right)+x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge3\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\)