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\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=a^2+\left(a+2\right)\left(a+a\right)+2020\)
\(\Rightarrow P=3a^2+4a+2020=3\left(a+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{6056}{3}\ge\frac{6056}{3}\)
\(P_{min}=\frac{6056}{3}\) khi \(a=-\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)_{ }\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\)
Do đó \(P=a^2+\left(a+2\right)\left(2a\right)+2020\)
\(P=a^2+2a^2+4a+2020\)
\(P=3a^2+4a+2020\)
\(3P=9a^2+12a+6060\)
\(3P=\left(3a\right)^2+2.\left(3a\right).2+4+6060-4\)
\(3P=\left(3a+2\right)^2+6056\ge6056\Leftrightarrow3P\ge6056\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{6056}{3}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = \(-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy P đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là 6056/3 khi a = b = c = -3/2
a + b + 2ab = 24
<=> a+b = 24 - 2ab
<=> (a +b)^2 = (24 - 2ab)^2
<=> a^2 + b^2 + 2ab = 4a^2*b^2 - 96ab + 576
<=> a^2+b^2 = 4a^2*b^2 - 98ab + 576
Q = a^2 + b^2 = 4a^2*b^2 - 98ab + 576
= 4a^2*b^2 - 2*2*a*b*24,5 + 600,25 - 24,25
= (2ab - 24,5)^2 - 24,25
có: (2ab - 24,5)^2 ≥ 0
=> (2ab - 24,5)^2 - 24,25 ≥ -24,25
vậy gtnn của Q = -24,25 = -97/4
Ta có : \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{a+c}{4}\ge b\) ; \(\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min = 3/2 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng Côsi:
\(a^2+\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2.a^2}=2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}a\)
\(b^2+\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2\ge2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}b\)
\(c^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3.c^3}=3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^2c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3+2\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2+2\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}a+2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}b+3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^2c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3+2.\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2+3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3\ge\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{2}-2.\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2-2.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12};\text{ }c=\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\)
Vậy GTNN của biệu thức là .......